Urban Flood Management through Urban Land Use Optimization Using LID Techniques, City of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Jemberie, Mengistu A.; Melesse, Assefa M.

doi:10.3390/w13131721

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Climate change in Addis Ababa is manifested by an increase in rainfall and subsequent flooding and severe temperature, with more heat-wave occurrences [57,[59][60][61]64,98]. The major direct impacts of climate change in the city are flooding, drought and urban heat island (UHI) [99] (Figure 3).…”

Section: Climate-change Impacts and Responses In Addis Ababa Citymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addis Ababa City is highly affected by climate change, such as flooding, drought, heat waves and land slides [57][58][59][60][61]. In the city, climate change and its impacts are aggravated by an unprecedented rate of urbanization and rapid population growth, built-up-area expansion, less green-area coverage and land use change [57,[62][63][64][65].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is important for redesigning sound policies and strategies to address climate-change impacts and a reduction in GHG in the city. However, most of the previous studies conducted related to climate change in the city were mainly focused on trends, vulnerabilities and impacts [57,[59][60][61][62]64,[70][71][72][73]. None of them focused on climate-change governance by considering governance factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting Climate Change Governance in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

2023

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Climate change in Ethiopia’s capital city of Addis Ababa is characterized by an increase in rainfall and subsequent flooding and severe temperature with more heat waves. The city government has now recognized climate change as a serious threat, including it being a reason for loss of life and livelihoods. Even though governance has become a key mechanism to address a reduction in greenhouse-gas emissions and vulnerability to climate change, the practice of climate-change governance has been undermined by different factors. Thus, this study examined factors affecting climate-change governance in the city. The research adopted a mixed research design and depends on primary and secondary data sources. The binary logistic regression model and descriptive statistics were both used to analyse the quantitative data, while the descriptive method was used for the qualitative data. The results reveal that a lack of coordination, political will and leadership are the major factors that hinder the practice of governance in the city, followed by inadequate finance, policy, strategy, and regulation. In addition, a shortage of knowledgeable experts, lack of access to information and technologies had their own contributions to the ineffectiveness of climate-change governance. Thus, the city administration should place emphasis on climate change, giving it comparable weight to other crosscutting issues, and enabling the functioning of the steering committee with a strong accountability system. In addition, the city administration should take aggressive measures, including revising or formulating new policy, strategy or regulation, and even creating an independent institution for climate-change issues. Furthermore, the Addis Ababa City environmental protection and green development commission should create an enabling environment to attract non-state actors, in general, and NGOs, in particular, and should assign one directorate to mobilise finance, following the approach taken by the federal environmental protection commission. The commission should implement a mechanism to efficiently utilize the budget by applying continuous monitoring and evaluation. The commission should also provide continuous training and capacity building for leaders and experts at sub-city and Woreda levels.

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Section: Climate-change Impacts and Responses In Addis Ababa Citymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting Climate Change Governance in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

2023

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“…With the acceleration of global urbanisation, the impervious area of urban areas has increased sharply, resulting in a significant reduction in rainwater infiltration. This shortens the concentration time of rainfall and increases the peak of runoff, causing frequent urban waterlogging [1][2][3]. Moreover, the groundwater in urban areas cannot be effectively recharged, causing the groundwater level to decline year by year [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of <i>In-situ</i> Soil and Groundwater Level on Hydrological Effect of Bioretention

Pan¹,

Ni²,

Zheng³

2022

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Bioretention is an important technology for ecological control of runoff. The purpose of this study was to investigate the coupling effect of in-situ soil and groundwater level on the hydrological performance of bioretention. VADOSE/W was used to simulate the water transport processes during bioretention under a single rainfall event. The effects of four in-situ soil types and two groundwater levels on the surface ponding, underdrain outflow, exfiltration, and runoff regulation effects of bioretention were studied. Under eight geological situations and the rainfall of 0.17 mm/h (6.0 h), the ponding duration and overflow volume of bioretention were 556-649 min and 24.71-39.61 mm/m 2 , respectively; the underdrain outflow peak value and duration were 0.549-0.804 mm/min and 380-730 min, respectively; the exfiltration volume per unit area from the bottom and lateral of bioretention were 106.79-396.10 mm/m 2 and 50.60-147.45 mm/m 2 , respectively; and the runoff reduction rate, runoff peak reduction rate, and runoff delay time of bioretention were 53.46%-96.19%, 18.43%-68.08%, and 288-318 min, respectively. These results suggest that bioretention without an underdrain and with a relatively smaller K s (saturated permeability coefficient) of in-situ soil might result in longer ponding times and larger overflow volumes. With an increase in K s of in-situ soil, the underdrain outflow weakens, the exfiltration volume increases, and the runoff control effects improve. Although the groundwater level has little effect on surface ponding, it can cause a stronger underdrain outflow. The shallower groundwater level leads to a larger exfiltration volume when the K s of in-soil is much smaller than that of the planting layer and leads to a reduced runoff regulation effect for bioretention without an underdrain. Therefore, when locating and designing bioretention systems, the in-situ soil type and groundwater level should be comprehensively considered to ensure that the runoff control target is achieved.

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“…The reduction of flood peak discharge by each return period of storms was estimated to be about 7 to 15% at a wider catchment scale. Jemberie and Melesse [22] analyzed the impacts of urbanization and climate change on generated flood magnitude, using the urban hydrological model of SWMM and LID sustainable land use optimization technique, and pointed out that combined LID techniques have a significant impact on urban flood reduction of up to 75%. Samouei and Zger [23] investigated the hydrologic response of the catchment after replacing proportions of impervious surfaces with combinations of LID practices, and the results showed that implementing 5-20% of LIDs has a noticeable impact on runoff peak flow and volume reduction, especially in storm events with shorter return periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Low Impact Development Facility Chain on Storm Rainfall Control: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Water

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In recent decades, low impact development (LID) has become an increasingly important concern as a state-of-the-art stormwater management mode to treat urban flood, preferable to conventional urban drainage systems. However, the effects of the combined use of different LID facilities on urban flooding have not been fully investigated under different rainfall characteristics. In this study, a residential, neighborhood-scale catchment in Shenzhen City, southern China was selected as a case study, where the effects of four LID techniques (bio-retention, bio-swale, rain garden and pervious pavement) with different connection patterns (cascaded, semi-cascaded and paralleled) on runoff reduction efficiency were analyzed by the storm water management model (SWMM), promoted by the U.S. EPA. Three kinds of designed storm events with different return periods, durations and time-to-peak ratios were forced to simulate the flood for holistic assessment of the LID connection patterns. The effects were measured by the runoff coefficient of the whole storm–runoff process and the peak runoff volume. The results obtained indicate that the cascaded connect LID chain can more effectively reduce the runoff than that in the paralleled connect LID chain under different storms. The performances of the LID chains in modeling flood process in SWMM indicate that the runoff coefficient and the peak runoff volume increase with the increase in the rain return periods and the decrease in rain duration. Additionally, the move backward of the peak rain intensity to the end of the storm event slightly affects the peak runoff volume obviously while gives slight influence on the total runoff volume. This study provides an insight into the performance of LID chain designs under different rainfall characteristics, which is essential for effective urban flood management.

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Urban Flood Management through Urban Land Use Optimization Using LID Techniques, City of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Factors Affecting Climate Change Governance in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

Factors Affecting Climate Change Governance in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

Influence of <i>In-situ</i> Soil and Groundwater Level on Hydrological Effect of Bioretention

The Application of Low Impact Development Facility Chain on Storm Rainfall Control: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China

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