Use of Landsat Land Surface Temperature and Vegetation Indices for Monitoring Drought in the Salt Lake Basin Area, Turkey

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate multitemporal land surface temperature (LST) changes by using satellite remote sensing data. The study included a real-time field work performed during the overpass of Landsat-5 satellite on 21/08/2011 over Salt Lake, Turkey. Normalized vegetation index (NDVI), vegetation condition index (VCI), and temperature vegetation index (TVX) were used for evaluating drought impact over the region between 1984 and 2011. In the image processing step, geometric and radiometric correction procedures were conducted to make satellite remote sensing data comparable with in situ measurements carried out using thermal infrared thermometer supported by hand-held GPS. The results showed that real-time ground and satellite remote sensing data were in good agreement with correlation coefficient (R 2) values of 0.90. The remotely sensed and treated satellite images and resulting thematic indices maps showed that dramatic land surface temperature changes occurred (about 2°C) in the Salt Lake Basin area during the 28-year period (1984–2011). Analysis of air temperature data also showed increases at a rate of 1.5–2°C during the same period. Intensification of irrigated agriculture particularly in the southern basin was also detected. The use of water supplies, especially groundwater, should be controlled considering particularly summer drought impacts on the basin.

Comparasion of NDBI and NDVI as Indicators of Surface Urban Heat Island Effect in Landsat 8 Imagery: A Case Study of Iasi

“…LST, calculated from remote sensing data is used in a lot of sphere of science, like: agriculture, climate change, hydrology, forestry, urban planning, oceanography etc. Obtaining surface temperatures and using them in different analysis is important to determine the problem associated with the environment (Orhan et al 2014).…”

Investigating Land Surface Temperature Changes Using Landsat Data in Konya, Turkey

“…The Landsat-5 Band 6 thermal data (120 m) and The Landsat-8 Band 10 thermal data (100 m) were reprojected to using UTM projection and WGS 84 datum and converted to 30 m. Thermal band was used to estimate brightness temperature and NIR and RED bands were used for calculating the NDVI. First, Landsat-8 , 2014, and then other historical images(Landsat-5) were radiometrically corrected to be able to compare with in situ infrared thermometer measurements, data of meteorological station and with each other (Orhan et al, 2014;Joshi and Bhatt, 2012).…”

“…3) (Orhan et al 2014;Coll et al, 2010): (3) where Tb is the brightness temperature , Lλ is the cell value as radiance, K1 and K2 are the constants of Landsat-5 and Landsat-8 calibration. For obtaining the results in Celsius, the brightness temperature is revised by adding the absolute zero (−273.15∘C) (Orhan et al 2014;Avdan and Jovanovska, 2016) The brightness temperature was converted to land surface temperature using the following equation.…”

“…Some of the changes occurs due to natural phenomena and anthropogenic activities such as; greenhouse gas, land cover and land use change, uncontrolled use of groundwater, deforestation, rising water demands, urbanization, and irrigation activities. (Yan et al, 2002;Penny and Kealhofer, 2005;Kantarcı, 2006;Yıldırım et al, 2011;Orhan et al, 2014).…”

“…Obtaining surface temperatures and using them in different analysis is important to determine the problem associated with the environment. (Orhan et al 2014) This study was conducted in Konya that located in the Central Anatolia, Turkey. Multitemporal thermal image series were acquired by Landsat -5 TM/8-OLI.…”