Usefulness of Histopathological Examination in Nontraumatic Perforation of Small Intestine

Mahajan, Garima; Kotru, Mrinalini; Sharma, Sonal

doi:10.1007/s11605-011-1646-z

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This produces a recognizable lesion of an oval perforation located longitudinally along the antimesenteric border ( Fig. 3) [46]. When seen in conjunction with clinical signs for typhoid fever, this lesion is normally considered pathognomonic; however, other causes of non-traumatic bowel perforation can be hard to rule out, especially when culture data are unavailable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity and Mortality of Typhoid Intestinal Perforation Among Children in Sub‐Saharan Africa 1995–2019: A Scoping Review

Birkhold

Coulibaly²,

Coulibaly³

et al. 2020

World j. surg.

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Background Typhoid fever incidence and complications, including intestinal perforation, have declined significantly in high-income countries, with mortality rates \1%. However, an estimated 10.9 million cases still occur annually, most in low-and middle-income countries. With the availability of a new typhoid conjugate vaccine licensed for children and recommended by the World Health Organization, understanding severe complications, including associated mortality rates, is essential to inform country-level decisions on introduction of this vaccine. This scoping review summarizes over 20 years of the literature on typhoid intestinal perforation in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We searched EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases for studies reporting mortality rates due to typhoid intestinal perforation in children, under 18 years old, in sub-Saharan Africa published from January 1995 through June 2019. Results Twenty-four papers from six countries were included. Reported mortality rates ranged from 4.6-75%, with 16 of the 24 studies between 11 and 30%. Thirteen papers included postoperative morbidity rates, ranging from 16-100%. The most documented complications included surgical site infections, intra-abdominal abscesses, and enterocutaneous fistulas. High mortality rates can be attributed to late presentation to tertiary centers, sepsis and electrolyte abnormalities requiring preoperative resuscitation, prolonged perforation-to-surgery interval, and lack of access to critical care or an intensive care unit postoperatively. Conclusions Current estimates of mortality related to typhoid intestinal perforation among children in sub-Saharan Africa remain unacceptably high. Prevention of typhoid fever is essential to reduce mortality, with the ultimate goal of a comprehensive approach that utilizes vaccination, improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene, and greater access to surgical care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity and Mortality of Typhoid Intestinal Perforation Among Children in Sub‐Saharan Africa 1995–2019: A Scoping Review

Birkhold

Coulibaly²,

Coulibaly³

et al. 2020

World j. surg.

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“…1,2 TIP and gastrointestinal hemorrhage are serious complications that are often fatal, even if managed surgically. 8,9 Prevention of typhoid fever by improved sanitation and increased access to clean, safe water and food remains critical, [10][11][12] but requires substantial investment over long time scales. Typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) has been pre-qualified and recommended by the World Health Organization for routine use 13 and represents a tool to prevent typhoid illness and deaths in a short time horizon, complementing progress in sanitation, water, and food improvements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications and mortality of typhoid fever: A global systematic review and meta-analysis

Marchello

Birkhold

Crump

2020

Journal of Infection

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…In developing nations, infection, especially typhoid, tuberculosis, and non-specific enteritis rank among the most common aetiologies, while in industrialized nations, closed-loop small bowel obstruction and tumor have been found to be the most common causes in various studies which have excluded trauma [8][9][10]. The most common aetiology of nontraumatic bowel perforation in third world countries is infective and inflict a younger population as compared to western world [10,11]. In contrast, the western world often encounters ileal perforations due to conditions such as Crohn's disease, foreign body ingestion, perforated diverticula, and radiation enteritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) as Surgical Emergency

Jangid,

Mishra,

Raj

et al. 2024

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Ileal perforation peritonitis is a critical surgical emergency often encountered in developing countries, commonly associated with typhoid fever, tuberculosis, trauma, and non-specific enteritis. This case report presents a unique instance of nonspecific enteritis associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). A 16-year-old girl with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis presented with symptoms, leading to the diagnosis of ileal perforations and CML. Surgical intervention involved ileal resection and double barrel ileostomy. The postoperative course included complications and chemotherapy with imatinib, demonstrating the challenges and management strategies in such cases. The discussion emphasizes the varied aetiologies of non-traumatic ileal perforation in different regions and sheds light on the rare gastrointestinal manifestations of CML. Notably, this report underscores the significance of prompt imatinib therapy in controlling CML while highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring and dose adjustments due to chemotherapy-related adverse effects.

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Usefulness of Histopathological Examination in Nontraumatic Perforation of Small Intestine

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Morbidity and Mortality of Typhoid Intestinal Perforation Among Children in Sub‐Saharan Africa 1995–2019: A Scoping Review

Morbidity and Mortality of Typhoid Intestinal Perforation Among Children in Sub‐Saharan Africa 1995–2019: A Scoping Review

Complications and mortality of typhoid fever: A global systematic review and meta-analysis

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) as Surgical Emergency

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