Using Concepts of Shoot Growth and Architecture to Understand and Predict Responses of Peach Trees to Pruning

DeJong, Theodore M.; Negrón, Claudia; Favreau, Romeo; Day, Kevin R.; Costes, Evelyne; López, Gerardo; Guédon, Yann

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2012.962.32

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Shoot length was measured approximately every 2 weeks from April to July, and monthly in August and September 2014. In order to discriminate between branches potentially containing proleptic and epicormic shoots (see Materials and Methods – Shoot Elongation Shoots), traces of pruning were recorded for each branch on DEF trees ( DeJong et al, 2012 ). Basal diameters of 10 shoots/tree were measured 1 cm above the insertion point on four dates during the season (mid-July, mid-August, early-September and in the following winter).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum Growth Potential and Periods of Resource Limitation in Apple Tree

et al. 2016

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Knowledge of seasonal maximum potential growth rates are important for assessing periods of resource limitations in fruit tree species. In this study we assessed the periods of resource limitation for vegetative (current year stems, and woody biomass) and reproductive (fruit) organs of a major agricultural crop: the apple tree. This was done by comparing relative growth rates (RGRs) of individual organs in trees with reduced competition for resources to trees grown under standard field conditions. Special attention was dedicated to disentangling patterns and values of maximum potential growth for each organ type. The period of resource limitation for vegetative growth was much longer than in another fruit tree species (peach): from late May until harvest. Two periods of resource limitation were highlighted for fruit: from the beginning of the season until mid-June, and about 1 month prior to harvest. By investigating the variability in individual organs growth we identified substantial differences in RGRs among different shoot categories (proleptic and epicormic) and within each group of monitored organs. Qualitatively different and more accurate values of growth rates for vegetative organs, compared to the use of the simple compartmental means, were estimated. Detailed, source-sink based tree growth models, commonly in need of fine parameter tuning, are expected to benefit from the results produced by these analyses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum Growth Potential and Periods of Resource Limitation in Apple Tree

et al. 2016

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“…Este comportamento pode ser explicado pelo fato de que, quanto maior a intensidade da poda, maior é o desequilíbrio entre parte aérea e raiz. Segundo DeJong et al (2012), os ramos de pessegueiro geralmente apresentam inibição correlativa bastante forte, assim produzem poucos ramos secundários, e a poda pode afetar esta dominância, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de ramos oriundos de gemas basais. Bussi et al (2011) relatam que podas severas proporcionam maior número de ramos indesejáveis na planta, sendo possível encontrar o ponto de equilíbrio da planta através da poda.…”

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Efeito da intensidade de poda na produção e qualidade de frutos de pessegueiro

et al. 2014

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). A interação 'Riograndense' e poda curta proporcionou maior percentual de frutos colhidos (91,02 %), maior massa média de frutos (141,62 g) e maior volume de massa fresca na poda de frutificação (3.188,14 g.planta -1 ), já a maior produtividade foi obtida em plantas de 'Riograndense', que receberam poda sem desponte (10,82 t.ha -1). Os diferentes tipos de poda influenciam no desenvolvimento das plantas, afetando o número de flores e frutos. Nas condições em que o experimento foi conduzido, podemos concluir que características como frutificação efetiva, firmeza de polpa e sólidos solúveis não são alteradas pelos diferentes tipos de poda, já as variáveis relacionadas à produtividade estão intimamente relacionadas com as variações de intensidade de poda de ramos. Termos para indexação: Prunus persica, frutificação, poda. THE EFFECT OF PRUNING INTENSITY IN THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF PEACH FRUITSABSTRACT -The present study aimed to evaluate the vegetative and productive behavior of peach trees when subjected to variations in the intensity of lopping the branches during pruning. We used plants of two cultivars 'Riograndense' and 'Leonense', and three pruning intensities, heavy pruning (removal of 2/3 of the length of the branches), pruning (removing 1/3 of the length of the branches) without lopping and pruning (maintenance of the branches intact). The 'Riograndense' plants showed larger fruits in diameter, since 'Leonense' had a higher percentage of fruit set (40,91 %), greater firmness (7,70 kgf), soluble solids (11,12 brix) and more fruits per plant (70,11). Pruning called heavy pruning provided greater fruit diameter and greater volume of fresh mass retreated in the summer pruning (3,193.75 g.plant -1 ). The interaction 'Riograndense' x heavy pruning provide a greater percentage of fruits (91.02 %), higher fruit mass (141.62) and higher volume of fresh mass in pruning (3,188.14 g.plant -1 ), now highest yield was obtained in 'Riograndense' plants received without lopping pruning (10.82 t.ha -1). The different types of pruning influence the development affecting the number of flowers and fruits of the plants. In the conditions of the experiment was conducted we conclude that characteristics such as effective fruit firmness and soluble solids, are not altered by different types of pruning, since the variables related to production are closely linked to variations of pruning branches intensity.

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“…Preformed nodes/organs exist in dormant buds and grow out in spring after bud-break (Wilson, 2000;Gordon et al, 2006a). In most peach cultivars proleptic shoots show strong correlative inhibition and do not give rise to many lateral branches (DeJong et al, 2012). In peach the phyllochron (the time elapsed between successive leaf emergence that is used to quantify the rate at which shoots produce new nodes) is relatively consistent at approximately 2-3 days during the growing season and is not significantly affected by temperature or solar radiation (Davidson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In peach the phyllochron (the time elapsed between successive leaf emergence that is used to quantify the rate at which shoots produce new nodes) is relatively consistent at approximately 2-3 days during the growing season and is not significantly affected by temperature or solar radiation (Davidson et al, 2015). Medium and long proleptic shoots generally have fewer than 34 nodes, which means that they cease adding new nodes after approximately 60-100 days after bud break in late May or June (DeJong et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epicormic shoots (also known as 'water sprouts') arise from preventitious meristems without undergoing a period of dormancy (Wilson, 2000;Costes et al, 2006). Epicormic shoots are characterized by vigorous, upright growth stimulated by heavy pruning (Figure 1), branch breaking, or drastic branch bending (Bussi et al 2011;DeJong et al, 2012). Heavy pruning which is usual in many peach production systems often stimulates excessive epicormic growth which necessitates further pruning to avoid negative impacts on fruit production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How does peach fruit set on sylleptic shoots borne on epicormics compare with fruit set on proleptic shoots?

Fyhrie¹,

Prats-Llinàs²,

López³

et al. 2018

Europ.J.Hortic.Sci

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Proleptic and epicormic shoots on peach (Prunus persica) have different growth characteristics that have management implications for peach production. Proleptic shoots arise from buds after a dormant period, and are made up mostly of preformed nodes and organs which exist in dormant buds and extend after bud-break. Epicormic shoots (also known as 'water sprouts') arise from preventitious meristems without the formation of a bud and are characterized by vigorous, upright growth. They are usually stimulated by heavy pruning, branch breaking, or drastic branch bending and exhibit low correlative inhibition which results in many lateral sylleptic shoots. Because lateral meristems that form sylleptic shoots have no preformed organs, sylleptic shoots are made entirely of neo-formed growth. Epicormic shoots, in contrast to the determinate nature of proleptic shoots, continue growing until environmental conditions become unfavorable, however this study indicates that sylleptic shoots on epicormic shoots appear to be limited to similar numbers of nodes as proleptic shoots even though they may grow as late as 180 days after bud-break. Both proleptic, and sylleptic shoots borne on epicormic shoots, have flower buds but it is not clear if the flower buds on both types of shoots are equally capable of setting fruit. The objective of this research was to compare flowering and fruit set on proleptic and sylleptic shoots on four different peach cultivars with different times of fruit maturity. Differences in flower bud density, flowering, initial fruit set and final fruit set were observed between shoot types and among cultivars. Flower bud density was higher on proleptic shoots than sylleptic shoots on all cultivars and there was greater flower bud drop prior to bloom on sylleptic shoots of three of the cultivars. Initial percent fruit set of buds that flowered was very high (>80%) on both shoot types of all cultivars but percent final fruit set was higher on sylleptic shoots of two of the cultivars. On average, proleptic shoots of a specific cultivar bore more fruit per shoot than sylleptic shoots of the same cultivar and the two earliest maturing cultivars tended to bear more fruit per respective shoot type than the two later maturing cultivars.

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Using Concepts of Shoot Growth and Architecture to Understand and Predict Responses of Peach Trees to Pruning

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Maximum Growth Potential and Periods of Resource Limitation in Apple Tree

Maximum Growth Potential and Periods of Resource Limitation in Apple Tree

Efeito da intensidade de poda na produção e qualidade de frutos de pessegueiro

How does peach fruit set on sylleptic shoots borne on epicormics compare with fruit set on proleptic shoots?

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