Using life-cycle assessment to evaluate environmental impacts of torrefied briquette production from forest residues

Alanya-Rosenbaum, Sevda; Bergman, Richard N.

doi:10.2737/fpl-gtr-263

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Forest logistics were modeled on timber harvest activities and biomass available in the western U.S. Forest residues were left in the forest to air-dry (for a few months after harvest, and the final moisture content (MC) (wet basis) reached around 20 ± 3%) before collection [47]. Forest residues logistics LCA data and techno-economic analysis were based on the studies performed by Oneil et al [46], Alanya-Rosenbaum and Bergman [48,49], and Sahoo et al [40].…”

Section: Biomass Feedstock Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bio-oil was neutralized using NaOH before disposal. The torrefied wood chips generated were compressed into briquettes after the torrefaction process [44,48]. For TWB manufacturing, torrefaction gas (torgas) was used to supplement heat to the dryer.…”

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bio-oil was neutralized using NaOH before disposal. The torrefied wood chips generated were compressed into briquettes after the torrefaction process [44,48]. Torrefaction test data came from a portable electrically-heated screw-type torrefaction unit with about a 600 kg/h torrefied chips output capacity [41,44].…”

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bio-oil was neutralized using NaOH before disposal. The torrefied wood chips generated were compressed into briquettes after the torrefaction process [44,48]. The properties of the solid biofuels manufactured from processed forest resides are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of the solid biofuels manufactured from processed forest resides are presented in Table 1. The produced briquettes were about 63 mm × 150 mm × 109 mm (W × L × H) (adopted from [48,49,53,54]).…”

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Economic Assessment of Portable Systems: Production of Wood-Briquettes and Torrefied-Briquettes to Generate Heat and Electricity

Sahoo

Alanya-Rosenbaum

Bergman

et al. 2021

Fuels

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This study assessed the environmental impacts and economic feasibility of generating heat using wood-briquettes (WBs), and heat and electricity using torrefied-wood-briquettes (TWBs). WBs and TWBs were manufactured from forest residues using portable systems and delivered to either residential consumers or power plants in the United States. An integrated cradle-to-grave life-cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA) approach was used to quantify environmental impacts and minimum-selling prices (MSPs) of heat and electricity, respectively. Results illustrated that 82% and 59% of the cradle-to-grave global warming (GW) impact of producing heat resulted from the feedstock preparation in WBs and torrefaction in TWBs, respectively. About 46–54% of total cost in the production of heat were from labor and capital costs only. The GW impact of electricity production with TWBs was dominated by the torrefaction process (48% contribution). Capital cost (50%) was a major contributor to the total cost of electricity production using TWBs. The GW impacts of producing heat were 7–37 gCO₂eq/MJ for WBs, and 14–51 gCO₂eq/MJ for TWBs, whereas producing electricity using TWBs was 146–443 gCO₂eq/kWhe. MSPs of generating heat from WBs and TWBs were €1.09–€1.73 and €1.60–€2.26/MJ, respectively, whereas the MSP of electricity from TWBs was €20–€25/kWhe. Considering carbon and pile-burn credits, MSPs of heat and electricity were reduced by 60–90% compared to the base-case.

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Section: Biomass Feedstock Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Product Manufacturing At Near-woods Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Economic Assessment of Portable Systems: Production of Wood-Briquettes and Torrefied-Briquettes to Generate Heat and Electricity

Sahoo

Alanya-Rosenbaum

Bergman

et al. 2021

Fuels

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Generation of Sustainable Energy from Agro‐Residues through Thermal Pretreatment for Developing Nations: A Review

Ibitoye

Jen

Mahamood

et al. 2021

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Energy is a prerequisite for any nation's industrial, social, and economic advancements. [1][2][3][4] Energy can broadly be categorized into renewable and nonrenewable energies. Nonrenewable energies are energy that cannot be replenished over a short period. Examples of such energy are coal, nuclear energy, natural gas, and crude oil. Renewable energies, in contrast, are those energies that are replenishable over a short period. This form of energy includes solar, hydro, tidal, wind, biomass energy, etc. Biomass energy is the energy generated from biomass materials. Biomass material could be woody (such as teak, mahogany), nonwoody (such as agro-residues, industrial waste), and animal materials. [5] Agroresidues are described as all organic materials that are generated as byproducts from agricultural activities. These byproducts constitute the main part of biomass feedstock's total annual production, which forms an essential and sustainable source of energy for industrial and domestic applications. [6] They are material that are of benefit to humankind, though their economic benefits are less than the cost of transformation for advantageous use. [7] Agro-residues can be divided into residues generated on the field and residues generated during the processing of agricultural products. [8] Field-based residues include but are not limited to tobacco stalks, maize stalks, sugar cane tops, rice straw, soybean straw/pods, and cocoa pods. In contrast, process-based include peanuts shell, rice husk, maize cob, bagasse, and coffee husk. Agro-residues are available in large quantities in an area with a high level of agricultural activities. [9] In developing nations, major agricultural activities are recorded in the rural areas, resulting in a larger quantity of agro-residues in these areas. [10,11] Most of the time, the farmers in developing nations' dump these residues in an open field or

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Integrated Life Cycle Assessment Modelling of Densified Fuel Production from Various Biomass Species

2022

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This work presents new data on the life cycle impact assessment of various lignocellulosic biomass types in Mexico. A comparative life cycle assessment model of biomass densification systems was conducted. An integrated approach that incorporated various process variables, such as technology and variations in feed properties, within the analysis was employed to evaluate the environmental impact of producing 1 MJ of energy-containing densified fuel. The results show that the densification unit and curing (fuel drying) have the highest impact on the life cycle’s operational energy and the total life cycle energy, respectively. Of all the 33 biomass types from the 17 species sources considered in this study, sweet sorghum and sandbur grass have the highest global warming potential, 0.26 and 0.24 (kg CO2-eq), and human toxicity 0.58 and 0.53 (kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene-eq), respectively, while coffee pulp and cooperi pine wood have the least impact in both categories, with values of 0.08 and 0.09 (kg CO2-eq), and 0.17 and 0.16 (kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene-eq), respectively. Chichicaxtla sawmill slabs also have a low environmental impact, and cooperi pine and Ceiba wood have the lowest ozone depletion and ecotoxicity potential. A sensitivity analysis indicated the effects of the transportation system and energy source on the life cycle’s environmental impact. Adequate feed preparation, the blending of multiple feeds in the optimum ratio, and the careful selection of densification technology could improve the environmental performance of densifying some of the low-bulk-density feed biomass types.

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Using life-cycle assessment to evaluate environmental impacts of torrefied briquette production from forest residues

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Environmental and Economic Assessment of Portable Systems: Production of Wood-Briquettes and Torrefied-Briquettes to Generate Heat and Electricity

Environmental and Economic Assessment of Portable Systems: Production of Wood-Briquettes and Torrefied-Briquettes to Generate Heat and Electricity

Generation of Sustainable Energy from Agro‐Residues through Thermal Pretreatment for Developing Nations: A Review

Integrated Life Cycle Assessment Modelling of Densified Fuel Production from Various Biomass Species

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