Using National Inpatient Death Rates as a Benchmark to Identify Hospitals with Inaccurate Cause of Death Reporting — Missouri, 2009–2012

Lloyd, Jennifer; Jahanpour, Ehsan; Angell, Brian; Ward, Craig; Hunter, Andy; Baysinger, Cherri; Turabelidze, George

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6601a5

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…58 Finally, when comparing effect sizes for different causes of death, one should consider variations in reporting accuracy among them, with heart disease being more prone to inaccurate reporting. 59 We found little evidence for an interaction by sex, age, and socioeconomic status for all the variables in our study. The meat variables generally showed an interaction with other effect modifiers, and the effects were more pronounced in the absence of another important risk factor.…”

Section: Possible Mechanistic Explanationscontrasting

confidence: 67%

Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study

Etemadi

Sinha

Ward

et al. 2017

BMJ

241

179

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Objective To determine the association of different types of meat intake and meat associated compounds with overall and cause specific mortality. Design Population based cohort study. Setting Baseline dietary data of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (prospective cohort of the general population from six states and two metropolitan areas in the US) and 16 year follow-up data until 31 December 2011. Participants 536 969 AARP members aged 50-71 at baseline. Exposures Intake of total meat, processed and unprocessed red meat (beef, lamb, and pork) and white meat (poultry and fish), heme iron, and nitrate/nitrite from processed meat based on dietary questionnaire. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used with the lowest fifth of calorie adjusted intakes as reference categories. Main outcome measure Mortality from any cause during follow-up. Results An increased risk of all cause mortality (hazard ratio for highest versus lowest fifth 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 1.29) and death due to nine different causes associated with red meat intake was observed. Both processed and unprocessed red meat intakes were associated with all cause and cause specific mortality. Heme iron and processed meat nitrate/nitrite were independently associated with increased risk of all cause and cause specific mortality. Mediation models estimated that the increased mortality associated with processed red meat was influenced by nitrate intake (37.0-72.0%) and to a lesser degree by heme iron (20.9-24.1%). When the total meat intake was constant, the highest fifth of white meat intake was associated with a 25% reduction in risk of all cause mortality compared with the lowest intake level. Almost all causes of death showed an inverse association with white meat intake. Conclusions The results show increased risks of all cause mortality and death due to nine different causes associated with both processed and unprocessed red meat, accounted for, in part, by heme iron and nitrate/nitrite from processed meat. They also show reduced risks associated with substituting white meat, particularly unprocessed white meat.

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Section: Possible Mechanistic Explanationscontrasting

confidence: 67%

Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study

Etemadi

Sinha

Ward

et al. 2017

BMJ

241

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Further examination of trends in ME/C contact from 2010 to 2012 showed an increase in ME/C contact over time as well as trend differences by location (e.g., clinic/hospital, nursing home/hospice, and home/other). The significant 18% increased odds for ME/C certification after the implementation of the electronic death reporting system is encouraging, as MOD and COD are more accurate when an ME/C has been contacted . We also found that when the MOD was unnatural, the odds of ME/C certification were 108 times greater than when the MOD was classified as natural, which was expected and confirmed strong adherence to state statute requiring ME/C certification for certain causes of death.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Are Statutory Requirements Followed in the Certification of Traumatic, Unexpected, and Unattended Deaths in Missouri?

Xaverius

Wambuguh

Ward

et al. 2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Medical examiners and coroners (ME/Cs) investigate deaths important to public health. This cross-sectional study evaluated 343,412 death certificates from 2007 to 2012 in Missouri. We examined agreement between cause and manner of death by year and ME/C contact as well as 2010-2012 trends in ME/C contact. There was near perfect agreement between cause and manner of death when an ME/C was contacted (kappa=0.97, p < 0.0001) and a significant increase in the proportion of deaths with ME/C contact from 2010 to 2012 (p =< 0.0001). There was a significantly higher proportion of ME/C-certified deaths using the electronic system in 2010-2012 (aOR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.15, 1.21) compared to the manual system in 2007-2009. Black, non-Hispanic (aOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.43,1.57) and Hispanic (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.13, 1.51) deaths, compared to White, non-Hispanic deaths, were associated with a significantly greater odds of ME/C certification. Race as an independent predictor of ME/C death certification warrants further research.

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“…Some studies retrospectively used skilled adjudicators to compare medical records to death certificates. One found an error rate of 39% in a national cohort including 336 deaths [23]; another conducted in selected Kansas City and St. Louis hospitals found an error rate of 45.8% [24]. A study in Vermont revealed that 51% of death certificates completed by non-medical examiners had major errors, and that certificates for hospital deaths were more error prone than those completed for residential deaths (59% vs. 39% errors) [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Race and Ethnicity in Muscular Dystrophy Mortality Rates for Males under 40 Years of Age, 2006–2015

2018

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Background/Aims: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) has childhood onset, primarily affects males, and is usually fatal before the age of 40 years. Previous studies have indicated that this X-linked condition is more prevalent in whites than in blacks, but those were based on active surveillance, and limited to smaller populations and younger ages. Methods: US death data were used to calculate mortality rates by race and ethnicity, with MD as either the underlying or multiple cause of death (MCD). Poisson approximation was used for confidence intervals; chi-square was used to compare rates. Results: From 2006 to 2015, there were 3,256 deaths in males <40 years with MD as MCD, and 71% of these were aged 15–29 years. For whites, the average annual death rate was 0.43/100,000, which was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) that that of blacks (0.28), American Indian/Alaska Natives (0.20), and Asian/Pacific Islanders (0.21). The rate for non-Hispanic whites (0.46) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than the rates for Hispanic whites (0.31), Hispanic blacks (0.07), and non-Hispanic blacks (0.29). Conclusion: Since DMD is the primary cause of deaths in young males with MD, mortality rates are a reasonable proxy for the relative difference in racial prevalence. It appears that DMD is significantly more common in white males than in males of other races.

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Using National Inpatient Death Rates as a Benchmark to Identify Hospitals with Inaccurate Cause of Death Reporting — Missouri, 2009–2012

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study

Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study

Are Statutory Requirements Followed in the Certification of Traumatic, Unexpected, and Unattended Deaths in Missouri?

Differences in Race and Ethnicity in Muscular Dystrophy Mortality Rates for Males under 40 Years of Age, 2006–2015

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