Using the thiol-ene reaction to improve adhesion strength in carbon fiber-acrylate composites cured by ultra violet light

Vautard, Frédéric; Fioux, Philippe; Schultz, J.; Nardin, M.; Defoort, Brigitte

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.08.126

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This explains why different carbon fiber surface oxidation treatments (electrochemical, boiling nitric acid, oxygen plasma) do not lead to any significant improvement in interfacial adhesion with EB curing as they do for composites cured with a thermal treatment. , Some improvement was actually obtained when the fiber surface was functionalized with chemical groups that were able to generate covalent bonds with the matrix during its polymerization and using regular EB processing conditions. Those chemical groups were vinyl groups and thiol groups . However, the level of performance was still below that of a thermal cure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those chemical groups were vinyl groups 14 and thiol groups. 15 However, the level of performance was still below that of a thermal cure. Some functionalities such as hydroxyl groups and amines were shown to strongly inhibit the EB cure of acrylate resins, 16 and those groups were still present at the surface of the fiber, potentially disturbing the cross-linking of the matrix in the vicinity of the fiber surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineered Interface Chemistry to Improve the Strength of Carbon Fiber Composites Cured by Electron Beam

Vautard

Grappe

Ozcan

2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A reactive sizing was designed to achieve high levels of interfacial adhesion and improved mechanical properties with a carbon fiber–acrylate system cured by electron beam (EB). The sizing was made of a partially cured epoxy sizing with a high density of pendant functional groups (acrylate functionality) to facilitate covalent bonding with the matrix. The interlaminar shear strength improved from 61 to 81 MPa (+33%) without postprocessing, reaching a shear strength similar to that of the same system cured by a thermal treatment. Observation of the fracture profiles clearly highlighted a change in the fracture mechanism from a purely adhesive failure to a cohesive failure. To the best of our knowledge, such improvements of the mechanical properties of carbon fiber composites cured by EB, without any postcure, have not been reported previously. This constitutes a breakthrough for the industrial development of EB curing of composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Interface Chemistry to Improve the Strength of Carbon Fiber Composites Cured by Electron Beam

Vautard

Grappe

Ozcan

2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Surface modification via the thiol–ene interfacial click reaction has been reported on various materials, for example, SBA-15 silica, stainless steel, − glass and silicon, , keratin fibers, and so on. The UV-induced thiol–ene click reaction has also been used for functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon fibers to improve the interfacial interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Attapulgite Nanorods with Nitrile Butadiene Rubber via Thiol–Ene Interfacial Click Reaction: Grafting or Crosslinking

Pan

Liu

2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A versatile approach was developed for the preparation of cross-linked attapulgite (ATP)-nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) nanocomposites or NBR grafted ATP nanorods, by facilely adjusting the feeding ratio between the butadiene-based rubbers and the thiol-modified attapulgite (ATP-SH) nanorods in a facile thermal-triggered thiol–ene interfacial click reaction. The modified products with different feeding ratios between the ATP-SH and NBR were characterized with FT-IR, TGA, and TEM techniques. The results indicated that the cross-linked ATP-NBR nanocomposites could be produced via the thiol–ene interfacial click reaction with excess NBR, while the NBR grafted ATP nanorods could be synthesized via the reaction with excess ATP-SH nanorods. Based on the results, a possible mechanism and potential applications were proposed.

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“…Most photo-cross-linking reactions for adhesive applications use external reagents in additional to the polymer itself. A common strategy of photo-cross-linking is addition of photoinitiator that can initiate radicals followed by radical polymerization or cross-linking between existing vinyl groups. − Other types of photo-cross-linking reactions were reported via thiol–ene reaction − and ruthenium photoredox catalysts . All reported photo-cross-linking reactions require multiphase conditions (adhesive polymer + chemical reagents for photoreactions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Phase Photo-Cross-Linkable Bioinspired Adhesive for Precise Control of Adhesion Strength

Harper

Slegeris

Pramudya

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A bioinspired, modular terpolymer adhesive, poly(N-methacryloyl-3,4-dihydroxyl-l-phenylalanine-co-9-(acryloyloxy)butyl anthracene-9-carboxylate-co-acrylic acid), has been synthesized containing three different functionalities: a photo-cross-linking segment, a wet interfacial adhesion segment, and a water-soluble segment. The synthesized adhesive polymer is the first example of a single-phase, photo-cross-linkable adhesive which does not require additional photoinitiator or other cross-linking agents. The terpolymer demonstrates strong adhesion when it swells in water and/or ethanol. The terpolymer is composed of three repeating units: N-methacryloyl-3,4-dihydroxyl-l-phenylalanine (MDOPA), which has been known to generate strong adhesion under wet conditions, poly(acrylic acid), which has been known to increase water solubility of polymers, and a photo-cross-linking segment consisting of an anthracene-based monomer used for enhancement of cohesion properties via UV irradiation (352 nm). A photomediated [4 + 4] cycloaddition reaction of anthracene results in the cross-linking of individual polymer chains after interfacial adhesion between substrates and adhesive polymers. Chemically, the covalent photo-cross-linking was confirmed by UV-vis, H NMR, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The cross-linking-fortified cohesion of the adhesive polymer network yields strengthened cohesion properties of the bulk material. The photoreaction was conveniently controlled via the duration of UV-irradiation. The adhesion properties of new adhesives were characterized by lap shear strength on transparent Mylar film and glasses after the adhesive was swollen in biologically friendly solvents including water and ethanol. The adhesion strength (J/m) was enhanced by 850% under 352 nm UV-irradiation. Multiple application variables were tested to determine the optimal conditions, such as solvent, concentration, polymer composition, and substrate. The best adhesion properties were obtained from a 1:1 weight ratio of polymer:solvent in water on a Mylar film surface. As a single-phase system, the synthesized terpolymer is very convenient to use, and its adhesion strength can be easily modified by UV light. Additionally, the terpolymer's high water compatibility makes it ideally suited for application in the biomedical field.

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Using the thiol-ene reaction to improve adhesion strength in carbon fiber-acrylate composites cured by ultra violet light

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Engineered Interface Chemistry to Improve the Strength of Carbon Fiber Composites Cured by Electron Beam

Engineered Interface Chemistry to Improve the Strength of Carbon Fiber Composites Cured by Electron Beam

Surface Modification of Attapulgite Nanorods with Nitrile Butadiene Rubber via Thiol–Ene Interfacial Click Reaction: Grafting or Crosslinking

Single-Phase Photo-Cross-Linkable Bioinspired Adhesive for Precise Control of Adhesion Strength

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