Using the tracer-dilution discharge method to develop streamflow records for ice-affected streams in Colorado

Capesius, Joseph P.; Sullivan, Joseph R.; O'Neill, Gregory B.; Williams, Cory A.

doi:10.3133/sir20045164

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For chronic exposure over the course of 7 days, a worst-case scenario of an upper bound of 1 ppm is envisioned. This estimation is based on actual tracing scenarios, ,− where tracer dilution varied from ×10 2 to ×10 4 from start to endpoint.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Assessment of DNA-Tagged Silica Particles for Environmental Tracing

Koch

Doswald

Mikutis³

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Environmental tracers are chemical species that move with a fluid and allow us to understand its origin and material transport properties. DNA-based materials have been proposed and used for tracing due to their potential for multitracing with high specificity and sensitivity. For large-scale applications of this new material it is of interest to understand its impact on the environment. We therefore assessed the ecotoxicity of sub-micron silica particles with and without encapsulated DNA in the context of surface and underground tracing of natural waterflows using standard ecotoxicity assays according to ISO standards. Acute toxicity tests were performed with Daphnia magna (48 h), showing no effect on mobility at tracer concentrations below 300 ppm. Chronic ecotoxicological potential was tested with Raphidocelis subcapitata (green algae) (72 h) and Ceriodaphnia species (7 d) with no effect observed at realistic exposure scenario concentrations for both silica particles with and without encapsulated DNA. These results suggest that large-scale environmental tracing with DNA-tagged silica particles in the given exposure scenarios has a low impact on aquatic species with low trophic levels such as select algae and planktonic crustaceans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Assessment of DNA-Tagged Silica Particles for Environmental Tracing

Koch

Doswald

Mikutis³

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…During winter in cold regions of the world, ice and snow can partially fill stream channels, altering channel morphology, and create varying backwater conditions (Figure 1) [ Capesius et al , 2005]. These conditions change the stage‐discharge relation, leading to inaccuracies in discharge values calculated using continuous stage records and rating equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although suitable during springtime when air temperatures are not far below 0°C, salt solutions do not provide adequate freezing protection in the central Rocky Mountains during midwinter, when temperatures sometimes drop below −25°C. In a test of a tracer dilution system in Colorado during winter 2002, an approximately 100,000 mg L −1 sodium chloride solution was injected into a stream using a metering pump [ Capesius et al , 2005]. Despite the strength of the salt solution, partial freezing caused substantial problems in system operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracer gauge: An automated dye dilution gauging system for ice‐affected streams

Clow

Fleming

2008

Water Resources Research

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[1] In-stream flow protection programs require accurate, real-time streamflow data to aid in the protection of aquatic ecosystems during winter base flow periods. In cold regions, however, winter streamflow often can only be estimated because in-channel ice causes variable backwater conditions and alters the stage-discharge relation. In this study, an automated dye dilution gauging system, a tracer gauge, was developed for measuring discharge in ice-affected streams. Rhodamine WT is injected into the stream at a constant rate, and downstream concentrations are measured with a submersible fluorometer. Data loggers control system operations, monitor key variables, and perform discharge calculations. Comparison of discharge from the tracer gauge and from a Cipoletti weir during periods of extensive ice cover indicated that the root-mean-square error of the tracer gauge was 0.029 m 3 s À1, or 6.3% of average discharge for the study period. The tracer gauge system can provide much more accurate data than is currently available for streams that are strongly ice affected and, thus, could substantially improve management of in-stream flow protection programs during winter in cold regions. Care must be taken, however, to test for the validity of key assumptions, including complete mixing and conservative behavior of dye, no changes in storage, and no gains or losses of water to or from the stream along the study reach. These assumptions may be tested by measuring flow-weighted dye concentrations across the stream, performing dye mass balance analyses, and evaluating breakthrough curve behavior.Citation: Clow, D. W., and A. C. Fleming (2008), Tracer gauge: An automated dye dilution gauging system for ice-affected streams,

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“…Organisms require these elements for optimal health, however, excessive amounts can disrupt normal metabolic processes (Evans and Frick, 2001; Environment Canada and Health Canada, 2001; Fischel, 2001; Lewis, 2001). Previous research has shown that repeated applications of sodium chloride (NaCl) for deicing control on paved roads can lead to elevated concentrations of chloride and sodium in the surface waters adjacent to roads (Howard and Beck, 1993; Evans and Frick, 2001; Environment Canada and Health Canada, 2001; Fischel, 2001; Bossong et al, 2003; Godwin et al, 2003; Capesius et al, 2005; Kaushal et al, 2005; Panno et al, 2006; Collins and Russell, 2009). Dissolved salt may alter the physical properties of surface water by increasing the density, resulting in salt accumulation in deeper waters (Environment Canada and Health Canada, 2001; Fischel, 2001; Lewis, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Natural chloride inputs to Colorado streams through precipitation are minor, with concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.20 mg/L (Bossong et al, 2003; Stevens, 2001; National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network, 2007). In general, background concentrations of chloride in Colorado streams are <5.0 mg/L, depending on the geology of the area, but where human inputs have altered stream chemistry, concentrations have been measured up to 400 mg/L (Musselman et al, 1996; Bossong et al, 2003; Fischel, 2001; Stevens, 2001; Jassby and Goldman, 2003; Capesius et al, 2005). In other areas of North America, higher concentrations (more than 4000 mg/L chloride in winter months) have been measured in various watersheds, presumably from deicing salt inputs (Environment Canada and Health Canada, 2001; Kaushal et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Monitoring Surface Water Chemistry Near Magnesium Chloride Dust Suppressant Treated Roads in Colorado

2009

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Magnesium chloride (MgCl2)-based dust suppression products are commonly used throughout western United States on nonpaved roads for dust suppression and road stabilization by federal, state, and county transportation agencies. The environmental implications of annually applying these products throughout spring and summer months on adjacent stream chemistry are not known. Sixteen streams were monitored biweekly for 1 to 2 yr in two Colorado counties for a suite of water quality variables up and downstream of nonpaved roads treated with MgCl2-based dust suppression products. Eight of 16 streams had significantly higher downstream than upstream concentrations of chloride or magnesium over the entire monitoring period (p

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Using the tracer-dilution discharge method to develop streamflow records for ice-affected streams in Colorado

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Ecotoxicological Assessment of DNA-Tagged Silica Particles for Environmental Tracing

Ecotoxicological Assessment of DNA-Tagged Silica Particles for Environmental Tracing

Tracer gauge: An automated dye dilution gauging system for ice‐affected streams

Monitoring Surface Water Chemistry Near Magnesium Chloride Dust Suppressant Treated Roads in Colorado

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