Utilities and QALYs in health economic evaluations: glossary and introduction

Virgili, Gianni; Koleva, Daniela; Garattini, Livio; Banzi, Rita; Gensini, Gian Franco

doi:10.1007/s11739-010-0420-7

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Amongst the included articles, seven articles did not mention the tools employed for calculating utility explicitly, they derived the values from WHO life tables or the global burden of disease databases. As such, upon review of a methodological article ( 44 ) we grouped them under health utility index ( 16 , 34 – 36 , 39 , 40 , 42 ), followed by two articles used the EQ-5D index scores ( 37 , 41 ), one study used the SF-6D index score ( 38 ) and the remaining four studies did not mention utility scores ( 5 , 31 – 33 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Population Screening Programs for Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Sharma

John

Afrin

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Almost all low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have instated a program to control and manage non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Population screening is an integral component of this strategy and requires a substantial chunk of investment. Therefore, testing the screening program for economic along with clinical effectiveness is essential. There is significant proof of the benefits of incorporating economic evidence in health decision-making globally, although evidence from LMICs in NCD prevention is scanty. This systematic review aims to consolidate and synthesize economic evidence of screening programs for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes from LMICs. The study protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021275806). The review includes articles from English and Chinese languages. An initial search retrieved a total of 2,644 potentially relevant publications. Finally, 15 articles (13 English and 2 Chinese reports) were included and scrutinized in detail. We found 6 economic evaluations of interventions targeting cardiovascular diseases, 5 evaluations of diabetes interventions, and 4 were combined interventions, i.e., screening of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The study showcases numerous innovative screening programs that have been piloted, such as using mobile technology for screening, integrating non-communicable disease screening with existing communicable disease screening programs, and using community health workers for screening. Our review reveals that context is of utmost importance while considering any intervention, i.e., depending on the available resources, cost-effectiveness may vary—screening programs can be made universal or targeted just for the high-risk population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Population Screening Programs for Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Sharma

John

Afrin

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Two articles (21,22) were excluded as they explained how to conduct a specific economic analysis, rather then describe the general characteristics of the various methods. One article (23) was excluded because it focused on methodological and interpretative aspects of economic analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The complex interface between economy and healthcare: An introductory overview for clinicians

Ottolini

Buggio

Somigliana

et al. 2016

European Journal of Internal Medicine

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In a period of generalized economic crisis, it seems particularly appropriate to try to manage a continuing growing sector such as healthcare in the best possible way. The crucial aim of optimization of available healthcare resources is obtaining the maximum possible benefit with the minimum expenditure. This has important social implications, whether individual citizens or tax-funded national health services eventually have to pay the bill. The keyword here is efficiency, which means either, maximizing the benefit from a fixed sum of money, or minimizing the resources required for a defined benefit. In order to achieve these objectives, economic evaluation is a helpful tool. Five different types of economic evaluation exist in the health-care field: cost-minimization, cost-benefit, cost-consequences, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the principal methods used for economic evaluation in healthcare. Economic evaluation represents a starting point for the allocation of resources, the decision of the valuable investments and the division of budgets across different health programs. Moreover, economic evaluation allows the comparison of different procedures in terms of quality of life and life expectancy, bearing in mind that cost-effectiveness is only one of multiple facets in the decision making-process. Economic evaluation is important to critically evaluate clinical interventions and ensure that we are implementing the most cost-effective management protocols. Clinicians are called to fulfill the complex task of optimizing the use of resources, and, at the same time, improving the quality of healthcare assistance.

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“…6 The impact of hand disabilities have only been recognized in recent years with the use of utilities such as quality-adjusted life years (QALY) rather than life expectancy, highlighting the socioeconomic impact of hand injuries on a person's livelihood. 7 Despite this evidence, the development of hand surgery remains lacking in developing countries.…”

Section: Surgical Volunteerism and Hand Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand Surgery in Cambodia

Rajaratnam

Rahman²,

Kim

et al. 2021

Journal of Hand and Microsurgery

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As a lower middle-income nation, Cambodia has made significant improvements in basic health but hand surgery development continues to lag behind due to scarcity of trained and quality surgical manpower. Most of the hand surgery development locally has been due to surgical volunteers from Asia, Europe, and the United States. The introduction of a structured and systematic community-oriented hand surgery training over a 5-year period was successful in producing local surgeons to meet the basic needs of hand surgery patients. Brachial plexus surgery has benefited significantly, with local surgeons able to independently manage cases with minimal support. With the expansion of local surgical manpower and guidance, motivation, and assistance of regional hand surgeons, the future of hand surgery in Cambodia looks promising.

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Utilities and QALYs in health economic evaluations: glossary and introduction

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Cost-Effectiveness of Population Screening Programs for Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Cost-Effectiveness of Population Screening Programs for Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

The complex interface between economy and healthcare: An introductory overview for clinicians

Hand Surgery in Cambodia

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