Utilization of rice straw and used paper for the recycle papermaking

Suseno, Natalia; Adiarto, Tokok; Sifra, M; Elvira, V

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/703/1/012044

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Rice straw has a high cellulose content making it an excellent resource for paper production. Rice straw combined with wastepaper can produce paper that can be used as wrapping paper, art paper, and writing paper [65]. Moreover, non-wood fibers obtained from agricultural residues can solve the problem of agricultural waste disposal as it is commonly incinerated.…”

Section: Wood Pulping and Papermakingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Conversion of Paper Waste and Rejects into High-Value Materials and Energy

et al. 2023

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The pulp and paper industry (PPI) is a major contributor to the global economy, but it also poses a challenge for waste disposal, as it generates large amounts of several waste streams. Among these, paper rejects are generated during the papermaking process and could account for up to 25% of the produced paper. Moreover, hundreds of millions of tons of paper are produced annually that end up in landfills if not burnt or recycled. Furthermore, the PPI significantly contributes to climate change and global warming in the form of deforestation and water and air pollution. Therefore, the impact of this industry on the sustainability of natural resources and its adverse environmental health effects requires special attention. This review focuses on discussing the sustainable routes to utilize paper waste and rejects from the PPI towards a circular economy. At first, it discusses the industry itself and its environmental impact, followed by the possible sustainable approaches that can be implemented to improve papermaking processes as well as waste management systems, including paper recycling. The literature indicates that paper recycling is crucial because, if appropriately designed, it significantly lowers greenhouse gas emissions, water and resources consumption, and manufacturing costs. However, several concerns have surfaced about the different chemicals that are used to improve recycling efficiency and recycled paper quality. Furthermore, paper recycling is limited to up to seven times. This review, therefore, goes on to highlight several sustainable waste management routes for paper waste utilization other than recycling by emphasizing the concept of converting paper waste and rejects into energy and high-value materials, including biofuels, biohydrogen, biomethane, heat, nanocellulose, hydrochar, construction materials, and soil amendments. Both the benefits and shortcomings of these waste management routes and their applications are discussed. It becomes clear from this review that sustainable management solutions for paper waste and rejects are implementable, but further research and development are still needed.

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Section: Wood Pulping and Papermakingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Conversion of Paper Waste and Rejects into High-Value Materials and Energy

et al. 2023

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“…Moreover, the pulps produced from non-wood plants can be used to develop papers of a high potential use in the packaging industry through the addition of chemicals and test liner fibres [29]. Therefore, most of the nonwood fibres used in the paper industry are ideal for utilization due to their surface and strength properties [10].…”

Section: Potential Of Non-wood Fibre In Pulp and Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agricultural residues therefore offer an alternative source of raw material in the production of pulp and paper whilst supporting the concept of a sustainable manufacturing through the use of abundant agricultural residue resources [5]. Most of the agricultural residues are obtained from the three major sources namely; the agricultural by-products, industrial crops, and other naturally growing plants [6]. In the past, these nonwood fibres and other agricultural waste were either burnt or naturally converted into compost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, these nonwood fibres and other agricultural waste were either burnt or naturally converted into compost. Recent studies have shown that these biomasses are rich in biomass energy, and have the potential of generating energy for use at home and in the industry [7,8] Additionally, they have numerous environmental benefits such as easy palpability capacities and excellent fibre content for the production of specialty papers [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agricultural Residues as an Alternative Source of Fibre for the Production of Paper in Kenya-A Review

Otieno

Okumu

Adalla

et al. 2021

AJOCS

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The pulp and paper industry is primarily dependent on fibrous wood for pulp and paper production. However, this over-dependence on fibrous wood poses serious environmental challenges such as the diminishing of the fibrous wood stocks, deforestation, emission of greenhouse gases, and global warming. Therefore, to mitigate these environmental challenges associated with its utilization for paper and pulp production, other sustainable raw material sources can also be considered for the production of paper and pulp. There are enormous benefits associated with the utilization of non-wood fibres as an alternative and sustainable raw materials source for the production of paper and pulp. These benefits have in the recent past prompted millers in China, India, Brazil, and the USA to consider the utilization of non-wood fibres in paper and pulp production. In Kenya, the pulp and paper industry is very much dependent on fibrous wood for production and the industry is yet to fully embrace the utilization of nonwood fibres for paper and pulp production. Further, the dependence on fibrous wood has contributed significantly to the decline of paper pulp and paper production, deforestation, and rise in paper importations due to insufficient raw material supplies. The importation of paper and pulp products has further led to the collapse of the paper industry in Kenya. The sector stands a chance of revival and vibrancy through the utilization of the abundant agricultural residues and feedstocks lying in the agricultural fields across the country. Similar experiences elsewhere have proved that the abundance of agricultural waste can be utilized for the production of paper and pulp due to their excellent fibre content for specialty papers, and easy pulpability. The agricultural residues are therefore considered a quintessential alternative and sustainable source of raw materials for the pulp and paper industry. Moreover, their utilization will mitigate environmental impacts such as deforestation, climate change, and pollution .

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“…Straw is a common waste of agriculture, so the concept of waste-free production can be supported. There are three main sources of agricultural waste: plant stems, cob scales not used in food production; technical crops grown in agriculture and wild crops (Suseno et al, 2019). Previously, the waste was disposed of by incineration or used for composting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological methods in pulp and paper production from an alternative source of raw materials - the savior of the ecosystem

Saparbekova,

Altekey,

Seitmagzimova

et al. 2023

Appl Env Biotechnol

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The pulp and paper industry is at its peak due to the annual growth in demand for paper products which includes packaging board, hygienic paper products, printing papers and the list is endless. To date, the main source of raw materials for pulp and paper production is wood. However, its use and the use of standard flow charts in pulp and paper production creates environmental problems. For example, deforestation to obtain raw materials leads to a disruption of biogeocenoses, and technology using alkalis and acids are sources of toxic wastewater that pollute the hydrosphere and lithosphere. In order to avoid the above environmental problems, other options for sustainable sources of raw materials can be considered, such as agricultural waste - straw. By its natural origin, straw is a non-woody plant, which will significantly simplify the flow chart of pulp and paper production, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the use of straw in production will help to reduce the risks of early global warming, since most of the straw is burned in the fields. As far as toxic wastewater emissions are concerned, they can be drastically reduced through the biological degradation of straw lignin to produce pure pulp. Biodegradation of lignin can be produced by widespread wood-destroying fungi due to their ability to synthesize lignin-degrading enzymes. Thus, the use of biological agents in pulp and paper production will make it possible to eliminate the use of caustic acids and alkalis.

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Utilization of rice straw and used paper for the recycle papermaking

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

On the Conversion of Paper Waste and Rejects into High-Value Materials and Energy

On the Conversion of Paper Waste and Rejects into High-Value Materials and Energy

Agricultural Residues as an Alternative Source of Fibre for the Production of Paper in Kenya-A Review

Biotechnological methods in pulp and paper production from an alternative source of raw materials - the savior of the ecosystem

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