Vacuum gas-oil hydrocracking performance of Beta zeolite obtained by hydrothermal synthesis using carbon nanotubes as mesoporous template

Synthesis and performance evaluation of hydrocracking catalysts: A review

“…The performance of vacuum gas oil hydrocracking was evaluated for the use of β zeolite with and without carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the catalyst, along with Ni and Mo impregnated on the zeolite/alumina support [149]. The results of the study showed that by incorporating CNTs into the catalyst support, its mesoporosity and volume increased significantly, however, the total Brønsted acid sites decreased.…”

A Comparative Study on Mesoporous Y Zeolites Prepared by Hard-Templating and Post-Synthetic Treatment Methods

“…Fan). been made by both industrial and academic communities to improve the accessibility of zeolites in order to sustain or improve their catalytic effectiveness [8][9][10][11][12][13]. To alleviate this particular problem associated with microporous zeolites, a class of mesoporous zeolites (or ideally, hierarchical zeolites) was proposed and developed.…”

Practical Application of Hierarchical Beta Zeolite in a Vacuum Gas Oil Hydrocracking Catalyst

“…Numerous research studies have been published on hydrocracking of VGOs, based on Y, ZSM-5, and Beta zeolites [7][8][9][10][11]. The Y zeolite has proven to be highly active in cracking catalysis, but is easily deactivated.…”

“…The NiMo/BEA catalyst having zeolite with the smallest average particle size and the highest concentration of Brønsted acid sites demonstrated the highest hydrocracking activity [21]. However, the problem of conventional microporous zeolites as catalysts is the impeded diffusion of large molecules through the internal pores and deactivation by coke formation [7,10,14]. VGO, one of the atmospheric vacuum distillation cuts of heavy crude oil, has a high boiling point ranging from 370 to 510°C [22].…”