Valence framing effects on moral judgments: A meta-analysis

McDonald, Kelsey; Graves, Rose; Yin, Siyuan; Weese, Tara; Sinnott‐Armstrong, Walter

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104703

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…On the other hand, there is a great heterogeneity between the means and confidence intervals of the articles of the meta-analysis, results that are repeated in last year’s studies that carried out reliability generalization meta-analyses in the field of psychology [ 101 , 102 , 103 ]. In the present study, about half of the articles presented mean values and confidence intervals of Cronbach’s α located below the global mean, both for cognitive empathy, which are 43.3% of the total, and affective empathy, 53.3% of the total.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Empathy Scale: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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The Basic Empathy Scale (BES) has been internationally used to measure empathy. A systematic review including 74 articles that implement the instrument since its development in 2006 was carried out. Moreover, an evidence validity analysis and a reliability generalization meta-analysis were performed to examine if the scale presented the appropriate values to justify its application. Results from the systematic review showed that the use of the BES is increasing, although the research areas in which it is being implemented are currently being broadened. The validity analyses indicated that both the type of factor analysis and reliability are reported in validation studies much more than the consequences of testing are. Regarding the meta-analysis results, the mean of Cronbach’s α for cognitive empathy was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77–0.85), with high levels of heterogeneity (I2 = 98.81%). Regarding affective empathy, the mean of Cronbach’s α was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76–0.84), with high levels of heterogeneity. It was concluded that BES is appropriate to be used in general population groups, although not recommended for clinical diagnosis; and there is a moderate to high heterogeneity in the mean of Cronbach’s α. The practical implications of the results in mean estimation and heterogeneity are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Empathy Scale: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…While people may generally adhere to one school of moral thought or another, there is evidence to suggest that features of the situation and characteristics of the decision-maker can influence or change related moral judgements. For example, researchers find that exposing individuals to moral dilemmas framed positively (in terms of "lives saved") elicits more utilitarian responses than those framed negatively (in terms of "lives lost") (Cao et al, 2017;McDonald et al, 2021). The implications of the above research go beyond abstract theory as this suggests that the way in which individuals receive information in a given context, is likely to influence their decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Moral Decision-Making During COVID-19: Moral Judgements, Moralisation, and Everyday Behaviour

Francis

McNabb

2022

Front. Psychol.

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The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose significant health, economic, and social challenges. Given that many of these challenges have moral relevance, the present studies investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic is influencing moral decision-making and whether moralisation of behaviours specific to the crisis predict adherence to government-recommended behaviours. Whilst we find no evidence that utilitarian endorsements have changed during the pandemic at two separate timepoints, individuals have moralised non-compliant behaviours associated with the pandemic such as failing to physically distance themselves from others. Importantly, our findings show that this moralisation predicts sustained individual compliance with government-recommended behaviours.

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“…For instance, Cao et al (2017) found that utilitarian judgments are more frequent when information is framed positively or neutrally, as compared to nega tively; people are more inclined to make a utilitar ian judgment when others will be "saved" rather than "killed." Furthermore, others (Bateman et al, 2002;DemareeCotton, 2016;McDonald et al, 2021;Petrinovich & O'Neill, 1996) have argued for the importance of studying framing effects in the context of moral judgments, given the potential for framing effects to influence both attitudes (Rai & Holyoak, 2010) and behavior (Schlüter & Vollan, 2015).…”

Section: Spring 2022 Psi Chi Journal Of Psychological Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creativity and Executive Function in School-Age Children: Effects of Creative Coloring and Individual Creativity on an Executive Function Sorting Task

Crenshaw¹,

Miller²

2022

PsiChiJournal

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We examined the relationship between executive function (EF) and creativity and whether a creative manipulation related to free coloring or coloring task-relevant materials would impact EF performance in the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS). Participants also completed individual difference measures of creativity with an Alternative Uses Task and EF with a Backward Digit Span Working Memory Task and Delay of Gratification Inhibition Task. Although we failed to find a relationship between creativity in the Alternative Uses Task and our EF measures (rs < .25, ps > .10), we found evidence to suggest the effects of a creative color manipulation differed by individual differences in creativity. Those who were low in certain creative components like the ability to switch between categories (p = .03 and p = .08), generate a number of unique ideas (p = .03 and p = .04), and originality (p = .01) seemed to perform better when allowed to freely color before the DCCS compared to other conditions. Those who performed higher in creative measures generally did not benefit from a creative manipulation before the task. This suggests that a more nuanced examination of the relationship between creativity and EF considering possible experimental manipulations, multiple components, and individual differences may be useful in understanding the relationship between these 2 constructs.

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Valence framing effects on moral judgments: A meta-analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Basic Empathy Scale: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis

Basic Empathy Scale: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis

Moral Decision-Making During COVID-19: Moral Judgements, Moralisation, and Everyday Behaviour

Creativity and Executive Function in School-Age Children: Effects of Creative Coloring and Individual Creativity on an Executive Function Sorting Task

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