Validated Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Quantification of Furosemide in Tablets and Nanoparticles

Youm, Ibrahima; Youan, Bi‐Botti C.

doi:10.1155/2013/207028

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Li et al 6 also mention various methods for determining FUR since introducing it to the pharmaceutical market. In the present decade, several methods including the resonance Rayleigh scattering technique 6 , spectrophotometric 7 , 8 , 9 , fluorescence 10 , 11 , luminescence 12 and liquid chromatography 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 have been proposed to quantify FUR in pharmaceutical samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission FTIR derivative spectroscopy for estimation of furosemide in raw material and tablet dosage form

Gallignani

Rondon

Ovalles

et al. 2014

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

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A Fourier transform infrared derivative spectroscopy (FTIR-DS) method has been developed for determining furosemide (FUR) in pharmaceutical solid dosage form. The method involves the extraction of FUR from tablets with N,N-dimethylformamide by sonication and direct measurement in liquid phase mode using a reduced path length cell. In general, the spectra were measured in transmission mode and the equipment was configured to collect a spectrum at 4 cm−1 resolution and a 13 s collection time (10 scans co-added). The spectra were collected between 1400 cm−1 and 450 cm−1. Derivative spectroscopy was used for data processing and quantitative measurement using the peak area of the second order spectrum of the major spectral band found at 1165 cm−1 (SO2 stretching of FUR) with baseline correction. The method fulfilled most validation requirements in the 2 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL range, with a 0.9998 coefficient of determination obtained by simple calibration model, and a general coefficient of variation <2%. The mean recovery for the proposed assay method resulted within the (100±3)% over the 80%–120% range of the target concentration. The results agree with a pharmacopoeial method and, therefore, could be considered interchangeable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission FTIR derivative spectroscopy for estimation of furosemide in raw material and tablet dosage form

Gallignani

Rondon

Ovalles

et al. 2014

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

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“…Specific UV wavelengths used for each drug were determined from previous HPLC detection studies or specifically determined using a “Varian UV‐Visible spectrophotometer CARY 50 BIO” UV spectrometer. UV wavelengths were set at 285 nm for morphine, midazolam, aminophylline, and salbutamol; 254 nm for clonidine; 234 nm for furosemide; 220 nm for fentanyl; and finally, 210 nm for ketamine …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico‐chemical stability of Plasma‐Lyte 148® and Plasma‐Lyte 148® + 5% Glucose with eight common intravenous medications

Dawson

Wignell

Paul

et al. 2019

Pediatric Anesthesia

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Summary Background Plasma‐Lyte 148® is a balanced, crystalloid intravenous (IV) fluid which is both calcium‐free and isotonic. It prevents the hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and iatrogenic hyponatremia seen with use of 0.9% sodium chloride and hypotonic solutions, respectively. However, data on compatibility with commonly used drugs are lacking. Aims To investigate the stability of Plasma‐Lyte 148® and Plasma‐Lyte 148® + 5% Glucose with eight commonly used therapeutic agents when compared with 5% glucose and 0.9% sodium chloride as diluents. We aimed to provide vital data which may facilitate the introduction of what appears to be a safer and more economic fluid. Methods Plasma‐Lyte 148® and Plasma‐Lyte 148® + 5% Glucose were mixed with morphine, midazolam, fentanyl, ketamine, clonidine, aminophylline, salbutamol, and furosemide at set concentrations. Comparisons were made to 0.9% sodium chloride and 5% glucose fluid controls. Six repeats of each IV fluid and drug admixture were analyzed through high‐performance liquid chromatography at three time points: 0, 2, and 24 hours. A concentration change of <5% was defined as chemically stable. Physical stability was assessed by observation of precipitate formation or color change. pH changes were measured using a Fisherbrand Hydrus 300 pH meter. Results Relative to starting concentration, all drugs except midazolam were stable to ±3%. All examined therapeutic agents were chemically stable at 2 and 24 hours relative to control solutions. No precipitate formed in any of the samples. All Plasma‐Lyte 148® and Plasma‐Lyte 148® + 5% Glucose drug admixtures remained in a safe, peripheral administration pH range of 5‐9 and were closer to the pH of blood than standard fluid‐drug admixtures. Conclusion Morphine, fentanyl, ketamine, salbutamol, aminophylline, and clonidine are stable for 24 hours when mixed with Plasma‐Lyte 148® and Plasma‐Lyte 148®+5% Glucose for administration at concentrations equivalent to those found at a typical Y‐site with maintenance fluid. Furosemide is stable at lower concentrations than those seen at a Y‐site, but midazolam displayed instability.

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“…Next, the cartridge was washed with 1 ml of 2% formic acid to remove acidic compounds followed by 1 ml of methanol to remove neutrals and the bound furosemide was eluted with 1 ml of 5% ammonium hydroxide in methanol. The eluted ammonium hydroxide fraction was dried in a speed-vac, reconstituted in 100ul of MilliQ water and quantified by validated HPLC test [40]. The HPLC column used was Thermo Scientific Acclaim 120 T, 3X150mm, C18, 3um, 120A, with TSK 120 T guard cartridge.…”

Section: Hplc Analysis Of Furosemide In Urine Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Furosemide stress test and interstitial fibrosis in kidney biopsies in chronic kidney disease

et al. 2020

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Background: Interstitial fibrosis (IF) on kidney biopsy is one of the most potent risk factors for kidney disease progression. The furosemide stress test (FST) is a validated tool that predicts the severity of acute kidney injury (especially at 2 h) in critically ill patients. Since furosemide is secreted through the kidney tubules, the response to FST represents the tubular secretory capacity. To our knowledge there is no data on the correlation between functional tubular capacity assessed by the FST with IF on kidney biopsies from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to determine the association between urine output (UO), Furosemide Excreted Mass (FEM) and IF on kidney biopsies after a FST. Methods: This study included 84 patients who underwent kidney biopsy for clinical indications and a FST. The percentage of fibrosis was determined by morphometry technique and reviewed by a nephropathologist. All patients underwent a FST prior to the biopsy. Urine volume and urinary sodium were measured in addition to urine concentrations of furosemide at different times (2, 4 and 6 h). We used an established equation to determine the FEM. Values were expressed as mean, standard deviation or percentage and Pearson Correlation. Results: The mean age of the participants was 38 years and 44% were male. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and diuretic use was significantly higher with more advanced degree of fibrosis. Nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney graft dysfunction were the most frequent indications for biopsy. eGFR was inversely related to the degree of fibrosis. Subjects with the highest degree of fibrosis (grade 3) showed a significant lower UO at first hour of the FST when compared to lower degrees of fibrosis (p = 0.015). Likewise, the total UO and the FEM was progressively lower with higher degrees of fibrosis. An inversely linear correlation between FEM and the degree of fibrosis (r = − 0.245, p = 0.02) was observed. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that interstitial fibrosis correlates with total urine output and FEM. Further studies are needed to determine if UO and FST could be a non-invasive tool to evaluate interstitial fibrosis. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02417883.

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Validated Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Quantification of Furosemide in Tablets and Nanoparticles

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Transmission FTIR derivative spectroscopy for estimation of furosemide in raw material and tablet dosage form

Transmission FTIR derivative spectroscopy for estimation of furosemide in raw material and tablet dosage form

Physico‐chemical stability of Plasma‐Lyte 148® and Plasma‐Lyte 148® + 5% Glucose with eight common intravenous medications

Furosemide stress test and interstitial fibrosis in kidney biopsies in chronic kidney disease

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