Validation of a Coupled Electrical and Hydrodynamic Simulation Model for a Vertical Axis Marine Current Energy Converter

Forslund, Johan; Goude, Anders; Thomas, Karin

doi:10.3390/en11113067

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Image of the vertical axis instream turbine energy conversion unit mounted on a tripod (after Forslund and Thomas (2018)). [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging‐sonar observations of salmonid interactions with a vertical axis instream turbine

Bender

Langhamer

Francisco

et al. 2023

River Research & Apps

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Anthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small‐scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.

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“…Image of the vertical axis instream turbine energy conversion unit mounted on a tripod (after Forslund and Thomas (2018)). [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging‐sonar observations of salmonid interactions with a vertical axis instream turbine

Bender

Langhamer

Francisco

et al. 2023

River Research & Apps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Equation (6) shows that the transfer function consists of a fifth-degree polynomial in the denominator and a first-degree polynomial in the numerator. One initial step to confirm that the derived transfer function is correct is to remove the core and the resistive components of the transformer to reduce the circuit to a lossless LCL-filter.…”

Section: Lc-filter and Power Transformer Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This setup is used as a reference for the work regarding components of the grid connection in this paper. The electrical system at the test site consists of a back-to-back converter with a two-level voltage source converter on the generator side and a three-level voltage source converter on the grid side [5,6]. The grid-side converter is connected to the grid through an LCL-filter constructed by an LC-filter and the inductance of a power transformer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Frequency Response of an LC-Filter and Power Transformer for Grid Connection

2023

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The power delivered by a voltage source inverter needs to be filtered to fulfill grid code requirements. A commonly used filter technology is the LCL-filter. An issue with the LCL-filter is the occurrence of a resonance peak, which can be mitigated with active or passive damping methods. The transfer function of the filter is often used to investigate the frequency response of the system and propose damping methods. The use of an LC-filter combined with a power transformer to form an LCL-filter has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, the study in this article introduces a model for an LC-filter and power transformer for the grid connection and a derived transfer function for the model. The transfer function for the system is validated with simulations and experimental investigations. The results from simulations and the results from a direct solution of the derived analytical function overlap almost perfectly. The magnitudes of the experimental results are approximately 1 dB lower than the simulation and analytical results before the resonance frequency. At the resonance frequency, the experimental results are approximately 13.4 dB lower. The resonance frequency, however, occurs at approximately the same frequency. It is also concluded that the system is significantly damped.

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“…Among the numerous renewable energy sources, marine current energy is an inexhaustible green energy which hardly harms the environment [4]. The density of marine current is great and the flow of marine current is stable [5]. Therefore, marine current energy can be used for renewable energy production and can operate all over the year continuously [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fuzzy Adaptative Backstepping Control Strategy for Marine Current Turbine under Disturbances and Uncertainties

2020

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Marine current energy is attracting more and more attention in the world as a reliable and highly predictable energy resource. However, conventional proportional integral (PI) control will be sensitive to the numerous challenges that exist in a marine current turbine system (MCTs) such as marine current disturbance, torque disturbance and other uncertain parameters. This paper proposes a fuzzy adaptive backstepping control (F-A-BC) approach for a marine current turbine system. The proposed F-A-BC strategy consisted of two parts. First, an adaptive backstepping control approach with the compensation of disturbance and uncertainty was designed to improve anti-interference of the MCT so that the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) was realized. Then, a fuzzy logic control approach was combined to adjust parameters of an adaptive backstepping control approach in real time. The effectiveness of the proposed controller was verified by the simulation of a direct-drive marine current turbine system. The simulation results showed that the F-A-BC has better anti-interference ability and faster convergence compared to the adaptive backstepping control, sliding mode control and fuzzy PI control strategies under disturbances. The error percentage of rotor speed could be reduced by 3.5% under swell effect compared to the conventional controller. Moreover, the robustness of the F-A-BC method under uncertainties was tested and analyzed. The simulation results also indicated that the proposed approach could slightly improve the power extraction capability of the MCTs under variable marine current speed.

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Validation of a Coupled Electrical and Hydrodynamic Simulation Model for a Vertical Axis Marine Current Energy Converter

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Imaging‐sonar observations of salmonid interactions with a vertical axis instream turbine

Imaging‐sonar observations of salmonid interactions with a vertical axis instream turbine

Experimental Investigation of the Frequency Response of an LC-Filter and Power Transformer for Grid Connection

A Fuzzy Adaptative Backstepping Control Strategy for Marine Current Turbine under Disturbances and Uncertainties

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