Validation of ISO 6974 for the measurement of the composition of hydrogen-enriched natural gas

Veen, Adriaan M. H. van der; Ziel, Paul R; Lǐ, Jiànróng

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.10.005

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Neste projeto, o CO 2 será reduzido, o que mostra o relatório elaborado entre 2019 e 2020, pois o estudo constatou que existe uma diferença entre os dois gases. De acordo com a análise da ISO 6974 das emissões CO 2 entre os dois gases, o GNL será reduzido em 14%, conforme dados do Gráfico 4 14 . Calcular o período de payback simples nada mais é do que saber a quantidade de períodos (podem ser dias, meses ou anos), para que o fluxo de receitas ultrapasse o capital de investimento.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Avaliação do Projeto de Substituição de Gás Liquefeito de Petróleo para Gás Natural Liquefeito em uma Empresa Automobilística

Colherinhas

Araújo

2021

Rev. Proc. Q.

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Este artigo visa apresentar o projeto de substituição da matriz energética utilizada atualmente em uma fábrica para o gás liquefeito de petróleo (GLP). Com finalidade de mudanças do gás atual para o gás natural liquefeito (GNL), é possível obter qualidade no processo de pintura dos veículos, segurança do trabalho, energia limpa com redução de CO2 e redução do custo de manutenção. Com este objetivo foram analisados, relatórios de condutas que operam o GNL, comportamentos estratégicos e suas consequências referentes às condutas que proporcionem lucros nos processos de pintura de carrocerias. Estes gases são aplicados em empresas automobilísticas, nos secadores, na cabine de pintura e no abastecimento de empilhadeiras. Para a utilização do GNL, é essencial a mudança nos cavaletes dos queimadores, de acordo com norma ABNT NBR 12313:2000, do sistema de combustão. Conclui-se, com a análise do payback que o gás natural apresenta redução de gasto de 10% do consumo atual e diminuição emissão pós-combustão de CO2 de 14%.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Avaliação do Projeto de Substituição de Gás Liquefeito de Petróleo para Gás Natural Liquefeito em uma Empresa Automobilística

Colherinhas

Araújo

2021

Rev. Proc. Q.

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“…A grade A specification has been developed for blending hydrogen into the natural gas grid [21]. This way of utilising excess electrical power from wind farms is considered as a way of storing electrical energy [56].…”

Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another aspect in the calculation of the composition of a gravimetrically prepared calibration gas mixture are the molar masses of the components. Until 2011, the uncertainties of these were perceived to be negligible [59], but a check on a mixture of synthetic natural gas with hydrogen [56] told otherwise. The product of the sensitivity coefficient (the partial derivative) and the standard uncertainty of the molar mass can be a meaningful uncertainty contribution [63].…”

Section: Static Gravimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using such an approach, in the first stage(s) gas mixture(s) are prepared that are used in a subsequent stage to prepare the gas mixture with the desired composition. This turned out to be necessary in the development of PSMs for validating ISO 6974 for blends of hydrogen and natural gas [56], the transfer standards in CCQM-K16 [12] but not for those in CCQM-K23b [15]. The decision whether to use a multistage approach depends on the minimum mass of gas being transferred in any step of the preparation.…”

Section: Static Gravimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The separation of carbon Calibration data, function and residuals for hydrogen in natural gas on a GC configured in accordance with ISO 6974-3 [93]. The uncertainty bars represent intervals with 95% coverage probability [56].…”

Section: Synthesis Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Advances in metrology for energy-containing gases and emerging demands

Veen¹,

Nieuwenkamp²,

Zalewska³

et al. 2020

Metrologia

Self Cite

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Metrological services from National Metrology Institutes related to energy gases have been supported by the programme of key comparisons of the Gas Analysis Working Group of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance: Metrology in Chemistry and Biology since its conception in 1993. Most of the key comparisons have been performed on natural gas composition measurement, which is key to the calculation of natural gas properties, thereby facilitating fiscal metering and the trade in natural gas. In the recent years, non-conventional energy gases and natural gas substitutes, such as refinery gas and biogas have been addressed. The paper gives an overview over the achievements in this area from the first key comparison (CCQM-K1) onward and outlines the current challenges to the metrological community. The ongoing energy transition towards renewable energy gases is at the centre of these challenges. The associated emerging challenges primarily concern the measurement of the concentrations of impurities, such as silicon in biomethane and upgraded biogas, carbon monoxide in hydrogen, and many others. The paper presents the first results of the development of measurement standards and methods for impurities in biogas, biomethane and hydrogen and the implications for the programme of key comparisons.

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Accurate experimental (p, ρ, T) data of natural gas mixtures for the assessment of reference equations of state when dealing with hydrogen-enriched natural gas

Hernández-Gómez

Tůma

Lozano-Martín

et al. 2018

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Validation of ISO 6974 for the measurement of the composition of hydrogen-enriched natural gas

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Avaliação do Projeto de Substituição de Gás Liquefeito de Petróleo para Gás Natural Liquefeito em uma Empresa Automobilística

Avaliação do Projeto de Substituição de Gás Liquefeito de Petróleo para Gás Natural Liquefeito em uma Empresa Automobilística

Advances in metrology for energy-containing gases and emerging demands

Accurate experimental (p, ρ, T) data of natural gas mixtures for the assessment of reference equations of state when dealing with hydrogen-enriched natural gas

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