Validation of the Spanish version of the CAPES

Abstract

In the present study, we explored the factor structure as well as validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES) suitable for assessing child behavioural and emotional difficulties (Intensity Scale) and parental self-efficacy (Self-Efficacy Scale) among Spanish-speaking parents from the US, Latin America and Spain. This instrument was designed to be brief and easy to read in order to reach parents with low-literacy levels and from under-resourced backgrounds. Psychometrics for the English version of the CAPES indicates good internal consistency, as well as satisfactory construct and predictive validity of the measure (Morawska et al., 2014). A sample of 174 parents of children (91 boys and 78 girls) from Panama participated in this study. They completed the instrument alongside the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for measuring child psychological problems and the Parenting Task Checklist (PTC) for measuring parental self-efficacy. In addition, a group of 49 parents completed the CAPES at time 1 (T1) and 2 weeks after (T2). Psychometric evaluation of the Spanish version of the CAPES revealed that it has adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability, as well as satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. In conclusion, this instrument shows promise as a brief outcome measure to be used in clinical settings and to assess the effects of parenting interventions among Spanish-speaking parents. More research into psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the CAPES is needed, before it can be widely applied in practice.

Initial Validation of the Parent-Report Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES) in a Chinese Cultural Context

“…The second part consisted of 13 items about negative child behaviors, which merged with the three items of the Emotional Maladjustment into the factor of Behavioral and Emotional Problems. This factor structure is consistent with the one obtained among a parent sample in Latin America (Mejia et al, 2015). To explain the merging of behavioral and emotional problems items in the Latin American context, Mejia et al (2015) proposed that “children’s internalizing and behavioral externalizing problems might be occurring and/or expressed together in this culture (Panama and potentially other Latin American settings), and therefore not perceived by parents as two distinct aspects of child maladjustment” (p. 8).…”

“…This factor structure is consistent with the one obtained among a parent sample in Latin America (Mejia et al, 2015). To explain the merging of behavioral and emotional problems items in the Latin American context, Mejia et al (2015) proposed that “children’s internalizing and behavioral externalizing problems might be occurring and/or expressed together in this culture (Panama and potentially other Latin American settings), and therefore not perceived by parents as two distinct aspects of child maladjustment” (p. 8). Nonetheless, this may not be the case for Chinese parents, because the validation of two similar Western measures of child behaviors including the SDQ (S.…”

“…Assessment of efficacy is particularly important as parental efficacy has been shown to be related to child adjustment (Jones & Prinz, 2005) and is an important modifiable factor to target in interventions (Morawska & Sanders, 2007). The measure has been validated in an Australian sample and demonstrated good internal consistency and validity (Morawska et al, 2014), and a Spanish version has also been evaluated (Mejia, Filus, Calam, Morawska, & Sanders, 2015).…”

Parenting Among Rohingya and Afghan Refugee Parents Residing in Malaysia

“…Reliability for the child intensity subscale was α = .90, and for the parent self-efficacy subscale, it was α = .96 (Morawska et al, 2014). CAPES has been used with parents in diverse contexts and across languages, including within Indonesia, Australia, and Panama (Mejia et al, 2016;Sumargi et al, 2015). Because CAPES focuses on the behavior of one child, participants were directed to choose one child, either a child that they were concerned about or one of their older children.…”

Estilos de crianza, autoeficacia parental y problemas conductuales infantiles en tres municipios de Santander

“…Los puntos de corte para identificar dificultades en autoeficacia conductual es ≤68.4 y en autoeficacia en contextos es ≤79.3. Las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español muestran adecuada consistencia interna, validez test-retest y validez convergente y discriminante 26 .…”