Validity of Hololens Augmented Reality Head Mounted Display for Measuring Gait Parameters in Healthy Adults and Children with Cerebral Palsy

Guinet, Anne-Laure; Bouyer, Guillaume; Otmane, Samir; Desailly, Éric

doi:10.3390/s21082697

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In 2016, Microsoft introduced the HoloLens (HoloLens 1st Generation, Microsoft Inc., Redmond, WA), a head-mounted MR system that includes an inertial measurement unit, environment sensing cameras, and a holographic display. A pair of recent studies found the potential utility of the HoloLens as a gait assessment tool to track spatiotemporal gait parameters (Geerse et al, 2020 ; Guinet et al, 2021 ) reporting the system reliable at test-retest parameterization of walking speed (interclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.86), cadence (ICC = 0.88), and step length (ICC = 0.77). Additionally, Coolen and colleagues developed a training tool to facilitate virtual obstacle-avoidance training with the HoloLens (Coolen et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wearable Mixed Reality Platform to Augment Overground Walking: A Feasibility Study

Evans

Dass

Muter

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Humans routinely modify their walking speed to adapt to functional goals and physical demands. However, damage to the central nervous system (CNS) often results in abnormal modulation of walking speed and increased risk of falls. There is considerable interest in treatment modalities that can provide safe and salient training opportunities, feedback about walking performance, and that may augment less reliable sensory feedback within the CNS after injury or disease. Fully immersive virtual reality technologies show benefits in boosting training-related gains in walking performance; however, they lack views of the real world that may limit functional carryover. Augmented reality and mixed reality head-mount displays (MR-HMD) provide partially immersive environments to extend the virtual reality benefits of interacting with virtual objects but within an unobstructed view of the real world. Despite this potential advantage, the feasibility of using MR-HMD visual feedback to promote goal-directed changes in overground walking speed remains unclear. Thus, we developed and evaluated a novel mixed reality application using the Microsoft HoloLens MR-HMD that provided real-time walking speed targets and augmented visual feedback during overground walking. We tested the application in a group of adults not living with disability and examined if they could use the targets and visual feedback to walk at 85%, 100%, and 115% of each individual’s self-selected speed. We examined whether individuals were able to meet each target gait speed and explored differences in accuracy across repeated trials and at the different speeds. Additionally, given the importance of task-specificity to therapeutic interventions, we examined if walking speed adjustment strategies were consistent with those observed during usual overground walking, and if walking with the MR-HMD resulted in increased variability in gait parameters. Overall, participants matched their overground walking speed to the target speed of the MR-HMD visual feedback conditions (all p-values > 0.05). The percent inaccuracy was approximately 5% across all speed matching conditions and remained consistent across walking trials after the first overall walking trial. Walking with the MR-HMD did not result in more variability in walking speed, however, we observed more variability in stride length and time when walking with feedback from the MR-HMD compared to walking without feedback. The findings offer support for mixed reality-based visual feedback as a method to provoke goal-specific changes in overground walking behavior. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical safety and efficacy of this MR-HMD technology to provide extrinsic sensory feedback in combination with traditional treatments in rehabilitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wearable Mixed Reality Platform to Augment Overground Walking: A Feasibility Study

Evans

Dass

Muter

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Similarly, more and more research is observed for physical health therapy where exergames have been developed for rehabilitation of patients and results are collected based on physical movements done during the serious game. An approach in [15] focused on the gait and posture of participants. Research such as [15] also shows that gait rehabilitation using a mounted AR headset with a new algorithmic approach called HoloLens can be beneficial for patients especially kids with cerebral palsy (CP).…”

Section: Rq1) What Is the Scope Of Ar In Terms Of Its Uses For Health...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Augmented Reality in Neurology: Architectural Model and Guidelines

et al. 2022

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Neurology is considered as one of the most challenging fields of medical science due to the complexity of the nervous system in human body. The treatment processes of the patients suffering from neurological disorders are greatly influenced by the advancements in technology. In this regard, the infusion of augmented reality (AR) has immensely improved patients' and healthcare workers' experiences in the field of neurology. Several efforts are being made by the community to introduce various applications of AR for patients as well as for healthcare workers in neurology. This study systematically examines the applications of AR in neurology and synthesizes their uses and impacts in the treatment and assistance of the patients suffering from neurological disorders as well as in the assistance of healthcare workers. The results reveal that most of the AR applications are used for motor disorders while lesser systems are designed for patients with degenerative diseases, most of them being task assistance systems. Moreover, the use of AR applications leaves both long-term and short-term impacts in improving the quality of patient's life. Furthermore, there is a need of introducing more interactive AR systems for patients with degenerative diseases as well as exploring the possibility of using such systems for mental rehabilitation. It has also been identified that there is a potential to develop AR applications for healthcare workers, to train and assist them through simulations. In addition to reviewing the AR applications, this work proposes a taxonomy of AR applications in neurology with different dimensions including scope of AR, type of neurological disorder, and impact of AR assistance on patient's life. Furthermore, this article also highlights challenges the patients with neurological disorders face while using AR applications. Based on the identified challenges, a model has been proposed for application designers and developers to help them develop more useful AR systems. An AR applications architecture has also been suggested for designing the AR systems for patients suffering specifically from degenerative or movement neuro-disorders. Lastly, this article presents some directions for future work in terms of AR usage in neuroscience.

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“…The Intra-Class Coefficient between steps length calculated with HoloStep and the reference was 0.92 for children with GMFCS I and 0.86 for children with GMFCS II or III. [23].…”

Section: A Design Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the session, raw data were logged (100Hz) in .txt format through the application and were available in the Windows Device Portal. Logfile contained time (s), position x, y, and z of the headset, step length, and distance traveled calculated with HoloStep algorithm [23]. The outcomes were: Mean speed (condition MAX and condition INTER), percentage of time spent above the MAX target speed (condition MAX), percentage of time spent around the INTER target speed (± 0.1 m/s) (condition INTER), time to reach the target speed (condition MAX and condition INTER).…”

Section: Outcome Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Feedback in Augmented Reality to Walk at Predefined Speed Cross-Sectional Study Including Children With Cerebral Palsy

Guinet

Bouyer

Otmane

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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In an augmented reality environment, the range of possible real-time visual feedback is extensive. This study aimed to compare the impact of six scenarios in augmented reality combining four visual feedback characteristics on achieving a target walking speed. The six scenarios have been developed for Microsoft Hololens augmented reality headset. The four feedback characteristics that we have varied were: Color; Spatial anchoring; Speed of the feedback, and Persistence. Each characteristic could have different values (for example, the color could be unicolor, bicolor, or gradient). Participants had to walk for two consecutive walking trials for each scenario: at their maximal speed and an intermediate speed. Mean speed, percentage of time spent above or around target speed, and time to reach target speed were compared between scenarios using mixed linear models. A total of 25 children with disabilities have been included. The feasibility and user experience were excellent. Mean speed during scenario 6, which displayed feedback with gradient color, attached to the world, with a speed relative to the player equal to his speed, and that disappeared over time, was significantly higher than other scenarios and control (p=0.003). Participants spent 80.98% of time above target speed during scenario 6. This scenario mixed the best combination of feedback characteristics to exceed the target walking speed (p=0.0058). Scenarios 5 and 6, which shared the same feedback characteristics for spatial anchoring (world-locked) and feedback speed (equal to the player speed), decreased the time to reach the target speed (p=0.019). Delivering multi-modal feedback has been recognized as more effective for improving motor performance. Therefore, our results showed that not all visual feedback had the same impact on performance. Further studies are required to test the weight of each feedback characteristic and their possible interactions inside each scenario. This study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database (NCT04460833).

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Validity of Hololens Augmented Reality Head Mounted Display for Measuring Gait Parameters in Healthy Adults and Children with Cerebral Palsy

Cited by 17 publications

References 52 publications

A Wearable Mixed Reality Platform to Augment Overground Walking: A Feasibility Study

A Wearable Mixed Reality Platform to Augment Overground Walking: A Feasibility Study

Applications of Augmented Reality in Neurology: Architectural Model and Guidelines

Visual Feedback in Augmented Reality to Walk at Predefined Speed Cross-Sectional Study Including Children With Cerebral Palsy

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