Variability of Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin Contents in Ethanolic Extract from Ten Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. Cultivated in West Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Ten accessions of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. were grown under the same environment in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia was investigated for curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin contents using HPLC. No significant variations were observed among C. aeruginosa accessions for all the studied compounds. According to the results, curcumin content (mg/100 g extract) varied between 1.08 in accession Kulonprogo to 3.19 in accession Gunung Kidul. The accessions Muara Bungo and Kulonprogo had the highest (1.66) and lowest (0.51) levels of demethoxycurcumin (mg/100 g extract). Also, bisdemethoxycurcumin content varied from 0.05 to 0.49 mg/100 g extract in accessions Ciampea Bogor and Purworejo, respectively. Finally, curcuminoid contents (mg/100 g extract), accumulation of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin contents, ranged from 1.64 to 5.05 in accessions Kulonprogo and Gunung Kidul, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that 10 accessions could be divided into three groups. Group 1 composed of Gunung Kidul, Muara Bungo, Pakem and Beringharjo accessions. These accessions characterized by high of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin contents. Group 2 formed two accessions (Klewer and Purworejo) that showed the high only bisdemethoxycurcumin content. Accessions of Kulonprogo, Losari Cirebon, Madura and Ciampea Bogor, in group 3, characterized by low curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin contents. In this study, Gunung Kidul, Muara Bungo, Pakem and Beringharjo accessions have a high in curcuminoid content that showed a high potential for use in future plant breeding programs.

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“…Therefore, for a commercial scale, this Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb source site should be chosen for future breeding programs that will produce high curcuminoid compounds. 25 The Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb rhizome has three different parts. They are: primary rhizome (PR), secondary rhizome (SR) and tertiary rhizome (TR).…”

Variability total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Curcuma zanthorrhiza and C. aeruginosa cultivated in three different locations in West Java, Indonesia

“…Secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols influence the pharmacological activities of C. zanthorrhiza and C. aeruginosa rhizomes. Curcuminoid compounds consisting of curcumin, dimethoxy curcumin, and bisdemethoxy curcumin are polyphenolic compounds that have been reported to be present in the rhizomes of C. zanthorrhiza and C. aeruginosa (Nurcholis et al 2016a;Nurcholis et al 2016b;Nurcholis et al 2019;Atun et al 2020;). Many studies have found polyphenols to be effective as antioxidants (Bahukhandi et al 2018;Feduraev et al 2019;Xiang et al 2019), and as a result, evaluating polyphenol in samples will be excellent compared to antioxidant activity.…”

GC-MS analysis of rhizome ethanol extracts from Curcuma aeruginosa accessions and their efficiency activities as anticancer agent

“…The phytochemical compounds contained in the C. aeruginosa contribute to its pharmacological properties. C. aeruginosa contains several bioactive compounds such as flavonoid, phenolic acids (Nurcholis et al 2016b), curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin (Nurcholis et al 2019(Nurcholis et al , 2016a, germacrone (Hossain et al 2015;Srivilai et al 2018), isocurcumenol, zederone, curcumenol, dehydrocurdione, zedoarondiol (Suphrom et al 2012), tropolone, eucalyptol, and curcumol (Fitria et al 2019). The reported biological activities of C. aeruginosa and its metabolites include antimicrobial (Akarchariya et al 2017), analgesic effect (Reanmongkol et al 2006), antiandrogenic (Suphrom et al 2012), uterine relaxant effect (Thaina et al 2009), antioxidant (Nurcholis et al 2017), antinociceptive (Hossain et al 2015), hair growth promotor (Pumthong et al 2012), and anticancer (Fitria et al 2019).…”