Variability of Rain Attenuation in the 100-200 GHz Band Calculated from Experimental Drop Size Distributions

Pérez-Peña, Santiago; Riera, José Manuel; Benarroch, Ana; Pimienta‐del‐Valle, Domingo; Garcia‐del‐Pino, Pedro

doi:10.23919/eucap51087.2021.9411445

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This work continues the research presented in [1] and intended to model rain attenuation at frequencies up to 200 GHz. In this case, a non-spherical drop model is used for estimating the impact of polarization in rain attenuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Rainfall rate measurements for a 12-year period (from 2008 to 2019) have been recorded with a Thies Laser disdrometer [3] located at the roof top of ETSI Telecomunicación of the UPM. These measurements have been presented in [1] [4]. The disdrometer measures with a photo diode the optical intensity and converts it into an electrical signal.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The value of M is set to 20, since this is the total number of diameters that the disdrometer can detect. The derivation of ( ) from the raw measurements of the laser disdrometer was explained in detail in [1]. In that first part of the study raindrops were considered to be spherical and the Mie theory [6] was used to evaluate ( ) and from them rain attenuation for the 12-year data set were derived.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Rain Attenuation in 80–200 GHz Radio Links Considering Non-Spherical Raindrops

Pimienta‐del‐Valle¹,

Riera²,

Pérez-Peña³

et al. 2022

2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

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The use of EHF (30-300 GHz) in terrestrial radio links is one key element in future 5G and beyond 5G technologies. Rain attenuation is the major impairment affecting radio links operating at this band. Due to the lack of experimental measurements for the EHF band, one approach is to estimate rain attenuation by using information about the rain DSD. In previous works, rain attenuation and its variability have been estimated up to 200 GHz by applying the Mie Theory to experimental DSD, considering spherical raindrops. This work goes a step further and provides the derivation of rain attenuation using a non-spherical drop model. To that aim, full-wave electromagnetic software is used to derive the extinction cross section of non-spherical drops excited with horizontal and vertical polarizations. The results show that at such high frequencies the differences between polarizations are not large, but the variability of rain attenuation is not negligible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Rain Attenuation in 80–200 GHz Radio Links Considering Non-Spherical Raindrops

Pimienta‐del‐Valle¹,

Riera²,

Pérez-Peña³

et al. 2022

2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

Self Cite

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“…Several reports on rain attenuation impacts on communication systems are detailed in [22,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. In particular, the work in [29] presented a predictive analysis of rainfall attenuation and their probable influence on propagated microwaves for Uttarakhand, a tropical region in India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors [33,34] provide detailed rainfall attenuation distribution statistics over the wireless link at a higher microwave frequency in Japan and Korean territories. Specific practical attenuation measurement and modeling-based investigation approaches to rainfall intensity effects conducted in different countries are presented [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realistic Prognostic Modeling of Specific Attenuation due to Rain at Microwave Frequency for Tropical Climate Region

Isabona

Imoize

Rawat

et al. 2022

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Absorption and scattering of propagated microwave radio signals by atmospheric variables, particularly rainfall, remained a major cause of propagation attenuation losses and service quality degradation over terrestrial communication links. The International Telecommunications Union Radio (ITU-R) reports and other related works in the literature provided information on attenuation due to rain and microwave propagation data. Such propagation attenuation information in the tropical region of Nigeria is destitute, especially at lower radio waves transmission frequencies. Therefore, this study addresses this problem by employing 12-year rainfall datasets to conduct realistic prognostic modeling of rain rate intensity levels. A classification of the rainfall data into three subgroups based on the depth of rainfall in the region is presented. Additionally, an in-depth estimation of specific rain attenuation intensities based on the 12-year rainfall data at 3.5 GHz is demonstrated. On average, the three rainfall classes produced rain rates of about 29.27 mm/hr, 73.71 mm/hr, and 105.39 mm/hr. The respective attenuation values are 0.89 dB, 1.71 dB, and 2.13 dB for the vertical polarisation and 1.09 dB, 1.20 dB, and 2.78 dB for the horizontal polarisation at 0.01% time percentage computation. Generally, results indicate that higher rain attenuation of 12% is observed for the horizontal polarisation compared to the vertical polarisation. These results can provide valuable first-hand information for microwave radio frequency planning in making appropriate decisions on attenuation levels due to different rainfall depths, especially for lower frequency arrays.

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A Long‐Term Experimental Investigation on the Impact of Rainfall on Short 6G D‐Band Links

et al. 2023

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The D band, extending from 130 to 175 GHz, is currently being considered a potential candidate to enable 6G communications (Zhang et al., 2019) (Saad et al., 2020). Thanks to its large bandwidth, it is expected to support the continuous increase in traffic and provide ultra-fast data rates (up to 100 Gb/s), in compliance with the upcoming network requirements . On the other hand, the detrimental effects that the atmosphere induces on electromagnetic (EM) waves quickly increase as we shift to the higher portion of the spectrum. The influence of gas (water vapor and oxygen), suspended water droplets (fog), and hydrometeors (e.g., hail, snow, and rain) play a significant role in causing impairments to EM propagation at higher bands (Paraboni et al., 2002). Among these, rainfall causes the strongest deterioration to the signal as the raindrop dimensions are comparable in size to the wavelength, specifically inducing scattering and absorption of the incident EM wave. Hence, it is necessary to investigate the effects of rain on the propagating EM waves, even more so because, at higher frequencies, the estimation of the impact of precipitation becomes complex due to the dependence of the specific attenuation on the shape and dimension of raindrops. This goal can be achieved by means of theoretical studies, such as those presented in Pérez-Pena et al. ( 2021) and Pimienta-del-Valle et al. ( 2022), where the information on the microphysical properties of rainfall is used to accurately estimate the induced attenuation in the 80-200 GHz band. On the other hand, it is also vital to conduct propagation experiments, which represent the first key step for the development of propagation models aimed at predicting the statistics of the rain attenuation affecting terrestrial links. Some previous experiments focused on characterizing the indoor channels at D band (Chen & Cao, 2013) , while (Ishii et al., 2016) investigated the impact of rain attenuation on links at D band, but only on a short-term basis (2 months) and considering quite a limited precipitation intensity (11 mm/hr maximum). To the best of our knowledge, no long term outdoor propagation experiment at D band has been conducted yet.Originating from the collaboration between Politecnico di Milano and the Huawei European Microwave Centre in Milan, this research activity aims at filling this gap by investigating the effect of the atmosphere on two D-band terrestrial links. The experimental setup in Milan, Italy, consists of a 325 m D-band link operating with a carrier frequency equal to 156 GHz used to investigate the effect of rain attenuation, starting from the received power.

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Variability of Rain Attenuation in the 100-200 GHz Band Calculated from Experimental Drop Size Distributions

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Characterization of Rain Attenuation in 80–200 GHz Radio Links Considering Non-Spherical Raindrops

Characterization of Rain Attenuation in 80–200 GHz Radio Links Considering Non-Spherical Raindrops

Realistic Prognostic Modeling of Specific Attenuation due to Rain at Microwave Frequency for Tropical Climate Region

A Long‐Term Experimental Investigation on the Impact of Rainfall on Short 6G D‐Band Links

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