Variability of the slopes of standard addition plots in the analysis of copper in seawater by anodic stripping voltammetry

Sanchez-Misiego, Antonio.; Carra, R. García-Moncó; Zirino, Alberto

doi:10.1002/elan.1140080607

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…On the other hand, there is evidence that, under the described working conditions, all of the added copper spike forms complexes with the EN and it is not complexed with the OM from the wine. Parallel experiments carried out with hydroalcoholic solutions provide signals similar to those obtained with real samples; this behavior is similar to that observed with seawater (16): the high rate of complexation of the added copper with the EN does not allow the formation of any other complex of copper.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Electroanalytical Determination and Fractionation of Copper in Wine

Misiego

Carra

Carracedo

et al. 2004

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Eight different bottled wines (six red wines and two white ones) were studied for copper determination and fractionation. For this purpose, copper determination by square wave voltammetry (SWV) and potentiometry (PSA) stripping analysis using Hg electrodes (drop and film, respectively) were carried out. Two direct procedures for the determination of total copper in wine are proposed; in both cases, drastic treatment of samples is not necessary, the procedures are very fast (estimated time to carry out an analysis is <10 min) and require no deaeration. Fractionating treatment consists of various HCl additions followed by the addition of ethylenediamine. Precision (RSD < 3%) and accuracy (recovery > 98%) data justify that both methods proposed are valid for total copper determination in wine. The wines studied displayed similar behaviors regarding fractionation: the percentages of total copper fractionated in each step are statistically similar: differences are lower than 2 S.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Electroanalytical Determination and Fractionation of Copper in Wine

Misiego

Carra

Carracedo

et al. 2004

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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A Voltammetric and Potentiometric Study of Copper in Animal Cerebrospinal Fluids

2002

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Cu analyses by square‐wave voltammetry (SWV) and potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) using Hg electrodes have been carried out in samples of animal (dog, pig) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using media modified with EN (ethylenediamine), N‐MET‐EN (n‐methyl‐ethylenediamine) and DENTRI (diethylenetriamine), taking advantage of the complexing capacity of these reagents towards Cu. Except for the addition just mentioned samples were analyzed with no previous treatment. To confirm the results obtained, a study of these samples through atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and the aforementioned techniques (SWV, PSA) were carried out, now with a previous treatment in high pressure acid (HPA). The recommended analytical procedures require times less than 15 minutes and sample volumes less than 50 μL. Besides this, the reliability of the results makes these procedures quite appropriate for medical purposes.

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Heavy Metals Analysis in Seawater and Brines

Troccoli

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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There has been growing concern during and since the 1990s about the effect that the toxicity and persistence of heavy metals will have on the biosphere. Consequently, these new environmental pressures have challenged analysts to find better experimental procedures for handling, recognition and evaluation of traces of heavy metals. Moreover, the determination of low levels of heavy metals in seawater has received particular attention as a way of assessing the early impact of human activities on the marine environment. It is necessary to protect the marine and continental waters against contamination so as to allow suitable conditions for the maintenance of aquatic life and the various uses derived from aquatic life. It is not the metal concentration alone that enables an environmental diagnosis to be made but the way metal combines with other elements to form species. These species are responsible for the biological behavior of the heavy metal under consideration, as its bioavailability will determine the amount of harm it may cause. Thus, “speciation” studies should be conducted to assess the potential environmental impact of human activities. From the analytical point of view, seawater and brines may be considered to be closely related systems in terms of matrix effects and analytical difficulties. Hence these two systems will be included in this article although the aims of heavy metal detection and determination might be diverse in each case. Analytical inaccuracies that arise from the high salt content of the seawater or brine solutions are exacerbated by the low levels of trace metals, which require careful control of contamination during sample collection and analysis and very sensitive analytical techniques. Different techniques for the determination of trace metals in seawater, such as spectroscopic and electroanalytical methods, will be discussed here in terms of their performance in dealing with the problem of trace metal detection and determination. Even the term “trace” has had different meanings over the years, normally being associated with the detection limit of the technique employed (“traces”, “footprints” or “trails” have a lot to do with the way they are observed). Amounts that would have been considered traces in the 1960s are probably no longer considered as such in the 1990s, as detection limits for most heavy metals have been lowered by three to six orders of magnitude (using “state of the art” techniques) since the late 1960s. Special attention has been paid to the preconcentration of the analyte and its isolation from the matrix constituents which might obscure its accurate determination. A variety of separation–preconcentration methods will be presented, with a strong bias towards those procedures leading to some kind of automation, because pretreatment of the samples is often time‐consuming and prone to contamination and may lead to an incomplete recovery of the analytes. Flow injection analysis (FIA) has appeared as a solution to time‐consuming and complicated separations and it will also be discussed in relation to alternative forms of analysis, especially in terms of its ability to perform speciation studies.

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Variability of the slopes of standard addition plots in the analysis of copper in seawater by anodic stripping voltammetry

Abstract: Copper in seawater was analyzed with a 'hybrid' mercury fihn-glassy carbon electrode using linear sweep, square wave and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The analyses were made in HCI (pH 2) and ethylenediamine (EN)-spiked seawater (9 Show more

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Electroanalytical Determination and Fractionation of Copper in Wine

Electroanalytical Determination and Fractionation of Copper in Wine

A Voltammetric and Potentiometric Study of Copper in Animal Cerebrospinal Fluids

Heavy Metals Analysis in Seawater and Brines

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