Variables Associated with Current Smoking Status in Chronic Pain Patients

Fishbain, David A.; Lewis, John E.; Cole, Brandly; Cutler, Robert; Rosomoff, Hubert L.; Rosomoff, R. Steele

doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00317.x

Cited by 59 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The studies showed no frequency of current alcohol use according to smoking status, whereas a significant difference in frequency was observed in the present study and could be the cause for the differing data. In addition, Fishbain et al suggested that current alcohol abuse/dependence could be a potent risk factor for smoking in chronic pain patients, which is compatible with the results of this study [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Smoking habits influence pain and functional and psychiatric features in fibromyalgia

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Smoking habits influence pain and functional and psychiatric features in fibromyalgia

et al. 2011

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“…13 It is a consensus in the literature that smokers and ex-smokers have greater predisposition to develop chronic pain, 9,21 although few studies have evaluated this variable. The analgesic chemical properties of nicotine 4 can partially explain the fact that ex-smokers present a greater prevalence ratio when compared to current smokers. It is also possible that some ex-smokers stopped smoking because they presented an associated disease and it was the cause of the pain, superposing this variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 It is estimated that 7% to 40% of the world's population suffer from chronic pain. 3,4 The causes may be the adopted classifi cation, the conditions in which the studies were developed and pain location. 6 Few population-based papers have investigated factors that are associated with this morbidity, especially using high methodological rigor and in developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalência de dor crônica e fatores associados na população de Salvador, Bahia

Sá¹,

Baptista²,

Matos³

et al. 2009

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of chronic pain, identifying the associated factors. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population sample of 2,297 individuals aged 20 years or more, in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil, in 1999 and 2000. A standardized questionnaire was administered at the individuals' home to collect data about pain, sociodemographic characteristics, and abdominal circumference measurement. The criterion for chronic pain classifi cation was duration above six months. Prevalence of pain was estimated by adjusted prevalence ratio with confi dence interval of 95% and p<0.05 for the univariate analyses and logistic regression. RESULTS:The presence of chronic pain was found in 41.4% of the population. In the gross analysis, the most frequent associated factors were: sex, age, marital status, smoking and alcohol consumption (p<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, female sex, age, smoking and presence of central obesity were independent predictors, while moderate consumption of alcohol and being single were protectors. CONCLUSIONS:The presence of chronic pain was predominant in women, elderly individuals, obese individuals, smokers and ex-smokers. Preventive public health strategies are suggested, aiming to disseminate the risks of smoking and obesity for the development of chronic pain. In addition, the periodic monitoring of health is encouraged.

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“…1 These demographic characteristics are also observed among smokers who seek care for their painful symptoms. [35][36][37]136,177 Lower socioeconomic status and other psychosocial stressors are also related to a higher prevalence of chronic pain and poorer outcomes. 178 -181 All of these factors may impair the ability of individuals to cope with their pain symptoms and thus contribute to chronic painful states.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and Pain

Weingarten²,

et al. 2010

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Cigarette smoke, which serves as a nicotine delivery vehicle in humans, produces profound changes in physiology. Experimental studies suggest that nicotine has analgesic properties. However, epidemiologic evidence shows that smoking is a risk factor for chronic pain. The complex relationship between smoking and pain not only is of scientific interest, but also has clinical relevance in the practice of anesthesiology and pain medicine. This review will examine current knowledge regarding how acute and chronic exposure to nicotine and cigarette smoke affects acute and chronic painful conditions. It will cover the relevant pharmacology of nicotine and other ligands at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as related to pain, explore the association of cigarette smoking with chronic painful conditions and potential mechanisms to explain this association, and examine clinical implications for the care of smokers with pain.

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Variables Associated with Current Smoking Status in Chronic Pain Patients

Cited by 59 publications

References 38 publications

Smoking habits influence pain and functional and psychiatric features in fibromyalgia

Smoking habits influence pain and functional and psychiatric features in fibromyalgia

Prevalência de dor crônica e fatores associados na população de Salvador, Bahia

Smoking and Pain

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