Vegetative Compatibility and Virulence of Strains of<i>Verticillium dahliae</i>from Soil and Potato Plants

Joaquim, T. R.; Rowe, R. C.

doi:10.1094/phyto-81-552

Cited by 134 publications

(117 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, some studies point to a worldwide, prevalent distribution of VCG1, VCG2, and VCG4, suggesting a limited VCG diversity. Other investigations suggested that some VCGs may prevail on a crop in a given geographic area (Joaquim and Rowe 1991;Strausbaugh 1993;Katan 2000b;Subbarao et al 1995;Dobinson et al 1998;Elena 2000;Korolev et al 2000;Bhat et al 2003;Hiemstra and RatajGuranowska 2003). On the other hand, considering VCGs as fully genetically isolated groups may be a strict statement.…”

Section: Pathogenicity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, VCG1 (A and B), VCG2 (A and B), and VCG4 (A and B) (Chen 1994;Daayf et al 1995;Dobinson et al 2000;Rowe 1990, 1991;andKorolev et al 2000, 2001;Strausbaugh et al 1992;Zhengjun et al 1998) are fully accepted. The differentiation into subgroups A and B is based on the frequency and vigor of nit mutant complementation (Joaquim and Rowe 1991;Strausbaugh 1993). Other VCGs, either less prevalent or localized in well-defined geographical areas, have been reported as well (namely VCG3, VCG5, VCG6, VCGBr or VCGBa) (Bhat and Subbarao 1999;Bhat et al 2003;Joaquim and Rowe 1990;Strausbaugh et al 1992;Jiménez-Díaz et al 2006).…”

Section: Pathogenicity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, some studies support the correlation between VCG assignment of isolates and their differential virulence displayed in a given plant (Joaquim and Rowe 1990;Bhat and Subbarao 1999;Tsror et al 2001;Korolev et al 2001), whereas others conclude that different isolates from the same VCG show different degrees of virulence in a same crop (Elena 1999;Korolev et al 2000Korolev et al , 2001. Interesting examples pointing to an association between genetic groups and host specificity are: i) the predominance of isolates assigned to VCG4 in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) infections in the United States and Israel (Joaquim and Rowe 1991;Strausbaugh et al 1992;Korolev et al 2000); ii) the aforementioned association of the highly-virulent, D-pathotype isolates of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with their assignment to VCG1A described in various areas such as Central Asia, China, Israel, Peru, Spain, Turkey and USA (Daayf et al 1995;Korolev et al 2001;Zhengjun et al 1998;Korolev et al 2008;Dervis et al 2008), in what may constitute an example of dispersal of isolates from an original focus of infected cotton genotypes; or iii) the prevalence of VCG2A and 2B isolates infecting artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) in a defined artichokecultivating region of eastern-central Spain, with VCG2B being the most virulent in this host . Studies regarding to olive-infecting V. dahliae isolates, are indicating the following scenario: 1) highly-virulent isolates, inducing severe syndromes in olive, generally belong to the D pathotype; 2) all olive D-pathotype isolates have so far been assigned to VCG1A in all countries where this group/pathotype has been reported (Pérez-Artés et al 2000;Collado-Romero et al 2006;Dervis et al 2010); and 3) olive isolates assigned to other VCGs (namely, VCG2 and VCG4) have been characterized as ND pathotype either by pathogenicity testing or by PCR-based molecular pathotyping (Fig.…”

Section: Pathogenicity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

2010

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Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the first domesticated and cultivated tree species and has historical, social and economical relevance. However, its future as a strategic commodity in Mediterranean agriculture is threatened by diverse biotic (traditional and new/emerging pests and diseases) and abiotic (erosion, climate change) menaces. These problems could also be of relevance for new geographical areas where olive cultivation is not traditional but is increasingly spreading (i.e., South America, Australia, etc). One of the major constraints for olive cultivation is Verticillium wilt, a vascular disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb. In this review we describe how Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) has become a major problem for olive cultivation during the last two decades. Similar to other vascular diseases, VWO is difficult to manage and single control measure are mostly ineffective. Therefore, an integrated disease management strategy that fits modern sustainable agriculture criteria must be implemented. Multidisciplinary research efforts and advances to understand this pathosystem and to develop appropriate control measures are summarized. The main conclusion is that a holistic approach is the best strategy to effectively control VWO, integrating biological, chemical, physical, and cultural approaches.

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Section: Pathogenicity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenicity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenicity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

2010

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“…The genetic diversity index ranged from 0.26 to 0.69 and was even less than that in cotton and potato isolates that have limited diversity within populations of V. dahliae (Joaquim and Rowe, 1991;Elena and Paplomatas, 1998;Hiemstra and Rataj-Guranowska, 2000). Genetic variation among eggplant V. dahliae isolates was very narrow compared to that of isolates from other hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Characterization of Chinese eggplant isolates of the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae from different geographic origins

Ali²,

Hou³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Verticillium dahliae is a fungal pathogen that causes wilt disease in a wide range of host plants. Charac terization of virulence, morphological, and molecular variations among V. dahliae isolates from different geographic origins is essential for any breeding program aimed at producing plant cultivars resistant to this disease. We characterized virulence variation among V. dahliae isolates from Chinese cultivated eggplant grown in Northeast China by pathogenicity testing on susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant eggplant accessions in a glasshouse using a root-dipping method of infection. These isolates were also characterized for morphological features based on growth on potato dextrose agar media and for genetic variation based on ISSR markers. All 12 isolates were divided into three pathotypes based on the virulence, i.e., strong, moderate, or weak type. Three isolates were categorized as defoliating pathotypes, with strong virulence, and the rest of the isolates were categorized as non-defoliating pathotypes, with moderate to weak virulence. The eggplant isolates were classified into three morphological types or morphotypes, hypha, hypha-sclerotia, and sclerotia; no significant correlations were detected between pathotypes and morphotypes or geographic origins. ISSR fingerprinting indicated genetic diversity among isolates, ranging from 0.26 to 0.69. Specific fingerprint types were not correlated with either pathotype or morphotype. However, ISSR analyses did reveal two clusters in which the isolates in each share the same or neighboring geographic origins.

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“…VCGs are of relevance in V. dahliae biology and pathology because they are thought of as genetically isolated populations, which may vary in ecology, physiology and virulence (Rowe, 1995). For example, VCG4A, which has been found only in North America, mainly associated with potato crops (Rowe and Powelson, 2002;Omer et al, 2008), is more virulent on potato than VCG4B and VCG2B isolates, which occur in North America and elsewhere (Joquim and Rowe, 1991;Strausbaugh, 1993;Botseas and Rowe, 1994). In Israel, VCG4B is the most virulent on potato and VCG2A is the most virulent on tomato (Tsror et al, 2001).…”

Section: Intraspecific Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific opinion on the pest categorisation of Verticillium dahliae Kleb

Rossi¹

2014

EFS2

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The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to perform a pest categorisation of Verticillium dahliae Kleb., the fungal pathogen responsible for many Verticillium wilt diseases. V. dahliae is a single taxonomic entity, and sensitive and reliable methods exist for its detection and identification. V. dahliae is a highly polyphagous pathogen, affecting, overall, 400 cultivated and non-cultivated plant species. It is a hostadapted rather than a host-specific pathogen and has the ability to continuously widen its host range and develop races/pathotypes that can overcome host resistance or be more virulent on known hosts and host cultivars. V. dahliae is a vascular pathogen that causes wilt and plant death, thus impairing the growth and shortening the lifespan of its hosts. The pathogen is currently present in most parts of the risk assessment area, where yield reductions up to 50 % or more have been reported on some high value crops, including cotton, olive, potato, strawberry and ornamentals. There are no obvious eco-climatic factors limiting its potential establishment and spread in the non-infested part of the risk assessment area, where hosts are present. Once established, the pathogen can spread by both natural and human-assisted means. Movement of infected host plants for planting, especially asymptomatic plants, and seeds can introduce the pathogen (and its highly virulent races/pathotypes) into new areas. Application of integrated management strategies combined with disease risk assessment (assessment of the available soil-borne inoculum, determination of races/pathotypes present in the site, field cropping history) may reduce the impacts of Verticillium wilt in the risk assessment area, but it cannot eliminate the pathogen. V. dahliae is listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC and, despite its wide host range, it is regulated only on Humulus lupulus (hop), for which the pathogen is considered of minor importance compared to V. nonalfalfae.

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Vegetative Compatibility and Virulence of Strains ofVerticillium dahliaefrom Soil and Potato Plants

Cited by 134 publications

References 0 publications

Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

Characterization of Chinese eggplant isolates of the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae from different geographic origins

Scientific opinion on the pest categorisation of Verticillium dahliae Kleb

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