Vehicle and pedestrian collision prevention system based on smart video surveillance and C2I communication

Abstract

Hundreds of thousands of pedestrians are involved in severe traffic accidents every year world-wide. Reasons for these accidents include complex and highly dynamic traffic situations where views are obstructed or unexpected movement occurs. Driver assistance systems are a valid option for increasing pedestrian safety by enhancing the awareness of complex traffic situations and identifying potential dangers. In this work, we present a collision avoidance system based on smart video surveillance and car-to-infrastructure communication. We use a distributed system of monocular cameras to determine the position of both vehicles and pedestrians in realtime. In addition, we utilize standard car-2-x communication technology (ETSI ITS G5) to provide all position detections to the vehicles, thus enabling complex use cases such as warning cascades to drivers in case of oncoming dangers. A detailed evaluation of the proposed system and collision warning use case demonstrates the suitability as assistance system for human drivers. We also show that automatic braking systems would lead to drastic performance improvements due to a significant reduction of reaction times

A transmission protocol for fully automated valet parking using DSRC

“…Based on our previous works, we are able to determine the amount of hardware required to equip indoor parking spaces. With respect to DSRC, we deployed an 802.11p NEC Linkbird (v.4) RSU into our underground parking testbed [19]. The transmission power has been set to 21 dBm and an 8 dBi omnidirectional antenna was used.…”

“…CAM [6] and DENM [7] messages, we propose a set of message types for guided parking with the eValet system. In [19] the Detected Object Message (DOM) has been introduced, which facilitates the transmission of position data of vehicles and other objects detected by the car park infrastructure.…”

Car-to-Pedestrian Communication Safety System Based on the Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Environment: A Systematic Review

“…To ensure the articles included in the review are eligible and valid, articles must satisfy the following criteria: (1) be published in English journal with a peer-reviewed and written in English; (2) including the car-pedestrian communication safety system; (3) the system using connected vehicle technology or ad-hoc network or VANET; (4) including the communication between vehicles and pedestrians to exchange the critical information.…”

“…The increase of vehicles in the last decade has result in a large number of crashes and put lots of pressures on the existing road [1]. Pedestrians who are one of the most vulnerable participants between pedestrians and vehicles collisions, leading to fatal injuries and even fatalities [2]. In the European Union, it is reported that over 300,000 vulnerable road users (VRUs, e.g., pedestrians and bicyclists) injuries and 4800 VRUs fatalities ever year, which account for roughly 16% of the total number of the injuries and 19% of the total number of fatalities [3].…”

Cost-effective camera based ground truth for indoor localization

“…They have measured an accuracy of about 10cm using manual ground truth. Examples of external localization with cameras are presented in [8] and [9], but neither system is able to achieve a sufficient accuracy to qualify as ground truth.…”