Vertical Single-Crystalline Organic Nanowires on Graphene: Solution-Phase Epitaxy and Optical Microcavities

Zheng, Jian-Yao; Xu, Hongjun; Wang, Jing Jing; Winters, Sinéad; Motta, Carlo; Karademir, Ertuğrul; Zhu, Weigang; Varrla, Eswaraiah; Duesberg, Georg S.; Sanvito, Stefano; Hu, Wenping; Donegan, John F.

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00526

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…1 describes the pathway for fabricating oriented nanopillars on pencil-drawn graphite versus the conventional CVD graphene surfaces using a physical vapor transport (PVT) crystallization method. Here, we replaced the graphene 26 , 27 commonly used by scribbling on silicon (Si) wafers using a pencil (graphite bar 8B) purchased from the University of Massachusetts Amherst art store. This pencil-drawn graphite served as the templating interlayer (RMS = 1.94 nm, Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gecko-Inspired Biocidal Organic Nanocrystals Initiated from a Pencil-Drawn Graphite Template

Arellano

Kolewe

Champagne

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The biocidal properties of gecko skin and cicada wings have inspired the synthesis of synthetic surfaces decorated with high aspect ratio nanostructures that inactivate microorganisms. Here, we investigate the bactericidal activity of oriented zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) nanopillars grown using a simple pencil-drawn graphite templating technique. By varying the evaporation time, nanopillars initiated from graphite that was scribbled using a pencil onto silicon substrates were optimized to yield a high inactivation of the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli. We next adapted the procedure so that analogous nanopillars could be grown from pencil-drawn graphite scribbled onto stainless steel, flexible polyimide foil, and glass substrates. Time-dependent bacterial cytotoxicity studies indicate that the oriented nanopillars grown on all four substrates inactivated up to 97% of the E. coli quickly, in 15 min or less. These results suggest that organic nanostructures, which can be easily grown on a broad range of substrates hold potential as a new class of biocidal surfaces that kill microbes quickly and potentially, without spreading antibiotic-resistance genes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gecko-Inspired Biocidal Organic Nanocrystals Initiated from a Pencil-Drawn Graphite Template

Arellano

Kolewe

Champagne

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…The methods for the synthesis of these 1D systems generally rely on three approaches including template procedures, solution-phase deposition, and vapor transport. [2][3][4]6,10,13 Condensation from the vapor phase at low pressure (or simply physical vapor deposition, PVD) counts within the last group and presents interesting features such as (i) direct formation of single crystal nanowires with controlled morphology on different substrates; (ii) high adaptability to a large amount of different π-conjugated small molecules; (iii) high growth rate and controlled density of nanowires with appropriated homogeneity; (iv) solventless and one-step synthesis; and (v) straightforward compatibility with other vacuum deposition and processing methods. 2,14−18 The method consists of the low-pressure sublimation of purely organic or metalorganic small-molecules from the bulk crystals counterpart and their condensation on the surface of diverse supports.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of the Nonplanar Fe(III) Phthalocyanine Small-Molecule: Unraveling the Impact on the Magnetic Properties of Organic Nanowires

et al. 2018

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In this article we show for the first time the formation of magnetic supported organic nanowires (ONWs) driven by self-assembly of a nonplanar Fe(III) phthalocyanine chloride (FePcCl) molecule. The ONWs grow by a crystallization mechanism on roughness-tailored substrates. The growth methodology consists of a vapor deposition under low vacuum and mild temperature conditions. The structure, microstructure, and chemical composition of the FePcCl NWs are thoroughly elucidated and compared with those of Fe(II) phthalocyanine NWs by a consistent and complementary combination of advanced electron microscopies and X-ray spectroscopies. In a further step, we vertically align the NWs by conformal deposition of a SiO 2 shell. Such orientation is critical to analyze the magnetic properties of the FePcCl and FePc supported NWs. A ferromagnetic behavior below 30 K with an easy axis perpendicular to the phthalocyanine plane was observed in the two cases with the FePcCl nanowires presenting a wider hysteresis. These results open the path to the fabrication of nanostructured one-dimensional small-molecule spintronic devices. T ailoring material structure at the nanoscale has prompted research on new and exciting properties over the last two decades. This is particularly true for one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures (nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, or nanobelts) with longitudinal sizes orders of magnitude larger than the cross-sectional sizes.1 Among them, organic nanowires (ONWs) form a family of nanostructures with remarkable optic, electronic, sensing, and wetting properties.2−12 In addition, the development of ONW devices offers potential for low cost and flexible devices and versatility through the molecular design of their building blocks. The methods for the synthesis of these 1D systems generally rely on three approaches including template procedures, solution-phase deposition, and vapor transport. [2][3][4]6,10,13 Condensation from the vapor phase at low pressure (or simply physical vapor deposition, PVD) counts within the last group and presents interesting features such as (i) direct formation of single crystal nanowires with controlled morphology on different substrates; (ii) high adaptability to a large amount of different π-conjugated small molecules; (iii) high growth rate and controlled density of nanowires with appropriated homogeneity; (iv) solventless and one-step synthesis; and (v) straightforward compatibility with other vacuum deposition and processing methods. 2,14−18 The method consists of the low-pressure sublimation of purely organic or metalorganic small-molecules from the bulk crystals counterpart and their condensation on the surface of diverse supports. These molecules self-assemble into supported single-crystal nanowires tens of nanometers in width and several micrometers in length.14,15,18 Such a heterogeneous crystallization process can be enhanced by including nucleation centers at the substrate to trigger the preferential condensation of molecules on those spots.14,15 Formation of ONWs...

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“…Instead of applying solution‐based processing to both 2D materials and organic molecules, solution‐processed organic molecules can be deposited onto large‐area and high‐quality 2D materials grown by CVD . Some previous works have reported that solution‐processed organic thin films tend to orient favorably in a lying‐down, face‐on configuration owing to the vdW interactions and preferred orbital orientation, electronic density, and dipole overlap afforded by 2D materials.…”

Section: Fabrication and Physical Properties Of 2d–organic Hybrid Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it has been demonstrated that a 2D template layer can also induce the growth of vertically aligned organic nanowires via a simple solution‐based procedure. The development of highly ordered solution‐processed organic semiconductors is occurring in parallel with the rapid growth of organic optoelectronics …”

Section: Fabrication and Physical Properties Of 2d–organic Hybrid Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D–Organic Hybrid Heterostructures for Optoelectronic Applications

et al. 2019

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The unique properties of hybrid heterostructures have motivated the integration of two or more different types of nanomaterials into a single optoelectronic device structure. Despite the promising features of organic semiconductors, such as their acceptable optoelectronic properties, availability of low-cost processes for their fabrication, and flexibility, further optimization of both material properties and device performances remains to be achieved. With the emergence of atomically thin 2D materials, they have been integrated with conventional organic semiconductors to form multidimensional heterostructures that overcome the present limitations and provide further opportunities in the field of optoelectronics. Herein, a comprehensive review of emerging 2D-organic heterostructures-from their synthesis and fabrication to their state-of-the-art optoelectronic applications-is presented. Future challenges and opportunities associated with these heterostructures are highlighted.solution-processed on any substrate inexpensively and at relatively low temperatures, which is highly advantageous for their scale-up from fundamental studies to industrial-level production. [6][7][8][9][10] Initial examples of developed organic semiconductors include field-effect transistors (FETs), [4,5,[11][12][13][14][15] photodetectors (PDs), [5,16,17] photovoltaics (PVs), [5,16,18,19] light-emitting diodes (LEDs), [5,16,20] and so on. In spite of the demonstration of promising prototypes of organic semiconductors, their development and optimization for highperformance device applications remain a challenge. In particular, it is becoming increasingly difficult to impart suitable properties to individual materials and realize appropriate physical dimensions in order to satisfy increasing demands of multifunctionality for fundamental studies, device designs, and performance optimization. [21,22] Consequently, such challenges and opportunities can be addressed by performing multidimensional integration or hybridization of organic semiconductors with various types of materials having potentially novel functionalities and unique properties.2D van der Waals (vdW) materials are the most obvious candidate for such hybridization with organic semiconductors. [22,23] Since the discovery of graphene, which opened up new avenues ranging from fundamental studies to real-world applications, [24][25][26][27] several other groups of 2D vdW materials have also been discovered, such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), [28,29] transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), [23,[30][31][32][33][34] black phosphorus (BP), [35][36][37][38][39][40] borophene, [41][42][43] silicene, [43] and germanene. [43] The 2D structure has been demonstrated to possess several exceptional electrical, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties vis-à-vis its corresponding bulk counterpart. [22,25,27] Most importantly, from the viewpoint of hybridization with organic semiconductors, the atomically flat and dangling-bond-free surface of 2D vdW materials not only provides an ideal int...

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Vertical Single-Crystalline Organic Nanowires on Graphene: Solution-Phase Epitaxy and Optical Microcavities

Cited by 25 publications

References 54 publications

Gecko-Inspired Biocidal Organic Nanocrystals Initiated from a Pencil-Drawn Graphite Template

Gecko-Inspired Biocidal Organic Nanocrystals Initiated from a Pencil-Drawn Graphite Template

Self-Assembly of the Nonplanar Fe(III) Phthalocyanine Small-Molecule: Unraveling the Impact on the Magnetic Properties of Organic Nanowires

2D–Organic Hybrid Heterostructures for Optoelectronic Applications

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