Viral hepatitis as a major cause of maternal mortality in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Kwast, Barbara E.; Stevens, Judy A.

doi:10.1016/0020-7292(87)90002-6

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The most important indirect cause of maternal deaths is malaria, anaemia and malnutrition (Maine, 1987;Royston & Armstrong, 1989). Viral hepatitis (hepatic or infective hepatitis) and anaemia are the main indirect causes of maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and are caused by inadequate nutrition, mainly protein-deficiency, thus rendering them poverty-induced diseases (Graham, 1991;Kwast & Stevens, 1987). Inadequate preventable and curative health care services in developing countries undermine the prevention of pregnancies, as well as the early diagnosis and effective treatment of pregnancy complications (McCarthy & Maine, 1992).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Maternal Mortality and Non-Medical factors in African Countries

Lalthapersad-Pillay¹

2014

JEBS

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The medical expertise to treat to complications arising from pregnancy and childbirth has not spared girls and women in developing countries from dying of such conditions. Developing countries account for the bulk of the global share of maternal deaths with complications of pregnancy and childbirth being the leading cause of death in young women aged between 15 and 49. Sub-Saharan Africa is responsible for nearly three-fifths of all global maternal deaths which have saddled it with notoriously high levels of maternal mortality ratios, a concern that has been red-flagged internationally and regionally. Most studies on maternal mortality in Africa have been confined to an examination of factors impinging on maternal mortality from both medical and socioeconomic standpoints for individual country's based on survey data. Our study differs from others as it employs logistic regression to look at the association between non-medical factors and maternal mortality nationally for all African countries. Whilst the results from the logistic regression suggests that there is no statistically significant relationship between any of the variables and maternal mortality, the odds ratio for Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross National Income per capita (GNI) imply that African countries with low HDI are about three time more likely to have high maternal mortality compared to high HDI countries. Similarly, African countries with low GNI are about five times more likely to have high maternal mortality compared to high GNI countries.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Maternal Mortality and Non-Medical factors in African Countries

Lalthapersad-Pillay¹

2014

JEBS

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“…Hepatic coma, meningitis and diarrhoeal disease were the principal indirect causes. The rank order necessarily varies according to prevailing disease patterns both between and within countries and regions (Kwast & Stevens, 1987).…”

Section: Pathogenic Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal mortality: levels, causes and promising interventions

Kwast

1989

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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About two-thirds of the world's population live in areas where registration of vital statistics is unsatisfactory (Tietze, 1977), and in many countries such statistics from rural areas are unavailable or grossly underestimated (WHO, 1971). Most of the women who die in pregnancy and childbirth are poor and live in remote areas or city slums. Their deaths are accorded little importance and fail to enter registers.

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“…The clinical course is unchanged by pregnancy [66]. However in underdeveloped countries epidemic non-A, non-B hepatitis (hepatitis E), results in fulmi nant hepatitis being more common than in the non-pregnant population and results in significant maternal mortality [67,68]. The reason for this is most probably the combina tion of the virus infection, malnutrition, low socio-economic status and poor antenatal care [29], There are three main virus types responsible for hepatitis, namely types A, B and non-A, non-B.…”

Section: Viral Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastro-Intestinal Crises during Pregnancy

Smoleniec

James²

1993

Dig Dis

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In general pregnancy is not associated with an increase in the incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) conditions, but it is associated with an increase in the severity of these conditions. This is largely due to a delay in making the diagnosis. Delay is caused by a combination of factors. These include mimicry of symptoms and signs with pregnancy-related conditions, a change in the usual clinical presentation, reluctance to use radiological diagnostic aids and a higher threshold for performing invasive investigative procedures. However before resorting to invasive investigations, it is imperative that appropriate non-invasive investigations are performed and evaluated first. This is especially relevant to liver conditions in pregnancy which can present with abdominal pain. Optimal management of GI conditions in pregnancy requires both surgeons and obstetricians to be aware of the problems of diagnosis, communicate promptly and investigate without delay in order to make a diagnosis and avert a GI crisis. This article discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of the common GI conditions occurring in pregnancy.

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Viral hepatitis as a major cause of maternal mortality in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

The Association between Maternal Mortality and Non-Medical factors in African Countries

The Association between Maternal Mortality and Non-Medical factors in African Countries

Maternal mortality: levels, causes and promising interventions

Gastro-Intestinal Crises during Pregnancy

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