Virtual model surgery and wafer fabrication for orthognathic surgery

Correction of facial asymmetry associated with vertical maxillary excess and mandibular prognathism by combined orthognathic surgery and guiding templates and splints fabricated by rapid prototyping technique

“…16 This problem could be overcome by 3D surgical simulation, as well as guiding templates and splints fabricated by rapid prototyping technique. 7,17 First of all, by performing the surgery virtually, the surgeon can predict how the maxilla should be moved in the three dimensions to obtain symmetry; the patient also has an opportunity to visualize the complexity of achieving the desired result. 18,19 Secondly, the guiding templates and splints fabricated by rapid prototyping technique permit precise control of the maxillary position, independent of the mandible, and make the precise transfer of the 3D surgical plan to the real surgery possible.…”

An integrated orthognathic surgery system for virtual planning and image-guided transfer without intermediate splint

“…However, there was no significant difference between planned and executed movements of the maxilla using surgical splints combined with an external reference point (Bouchard and Landry, 2013). Recently, virtual simulation of the model surgery was carried out and an intermediate splint was fabricated based on the virtual model surgery results (Choi et al, 2012(Choi et al, , 2009Kim et al, 2011;Song and Baek, 2009;Sun et al, 2013). There was no significant difference between planned and actual surgical movements with an intermediate splint fabricated after virtual planning (Sun et al, 2013).…”

Development of customized positioning guides using computer-aided design and manufacturing technology for orthognathic surgery

“…The success of orthognathic surgery depends equally on surgical techniques and ideal treatment planning [5]. In previous studies, treatment planning has been considerably enhanced by the use of computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology [6][7][8]. Olszewski et al [9] first presented a new method on computer-assisted guided genioplasty with transfer of osteotomy lines and exact position of the screws for prebent plate.…”