“…Object detection is a common topic and has attracted the most interest in recent studies. In object detection, traditional handcrafted feature-based methods showed limited performance [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. A competitive approach is to apply deep-learning-based methods, which have gained popularity in recent years [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”