“…As a measurement of its relevance, such is the importance of vitD3-tolDC in the field of tolerogenic cell products that even two clinical trials are already ongoing for the treatment of multiple sclerosis using this cell product in Badalona, Spain ( http://www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT02903537) and in Antwerp, Belgium ( http://www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT02618902). Several transcriptomic and proteomic pre-clinical studies in human vitD3-tolDC have evidenced several genes and proteins strongly induced with this approach, including immune-related molecules— CCL22 ( 62 , 63 ), ILT3 (immunoglobulin-like transcript 3) ( 36 ), CD300LF ( 62 ) or GILZ ( 32 ), these last two in common with dexa-tolDC—and oxidative metabolism enzymes and regulators— GLUT3 (glucose transporter 3), LDHA (lactate dehydrogenase A), mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), PDHA1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1, subunit alpha 1) or PFKFB4 (fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase) ( 63 )—, as well as direct targets of the response to vitamin D3 through the interaction with its receptor, like CYP24A1 (cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily A, member 1) ( 41 , 61 – 63 ) and of course VDR (vitamin D receptor) ( 41 ). By their part, the repression of several co-stimulatory, pro-inflammatory, and antigen presenting genes and molecules like CD1A, CD1C, CD80, FSCN1 or the transcription factor IRF4 has been reported at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels ( 37 , 62 ).…”