Vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency and some of its related factors in a sample of Iraqi pregnant women and their neonates at Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital during 2019

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency is common in different age groups in both genders especially among pregnant women and neonates where it is associated with several adverse outcomes including preeclampsia and preterm delivery. 
 Objectives: To assess the extent of vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency among mothers and their neonates and some factors related to it and identify some adverse outcomes of the deficiency/ insufficiency on neonates (preterm birth and low birth weight).
 Subject and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 Iraqi pregnant women and neonates admitted to “Al-Elwiya teaching hospital for maternity” in Baghdad- Al-Rusafah from 1st of June 2019 to 31st of August 2019. Data about maternal age, mode of delivery, sex, weight, and gestational age were obtained. Vitamin D levels of mothers and their neonates were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
 Results: In a total of 88 mothers and neonates, 96.6% of mothers had Vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency compared to (86.4%) of neonates. There was a statistically significant difference between maternal and neonatal vitamin D levels. Neonatal Vitamin D levels were positively correlated with maternal vitamin D levels. Neonatal weight was positively correlated with maternal Vitamin D levels. The mean maternal and neonatal vitamin D levels were (12.16 ng/ml ± 7.06) and (20.25 ng/ml ± 10.97) respectively.
 Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency was prevalent among mothers and neonates; with a higher prevalence among mothers. Maternal Vitamin D levels and neonatal weights were associated with neonatal Vitamin D levels.

Impact of Vitamin D Status on Pregnant Women and Their Neonates: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…In our study, there were more newborn boys than girls. The majority of mothers had significant vitamin D deficiencies, which is similar to earlier studies (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) and other nations, where deficiencies have been reported to affect 81% of expectant mothers in Nepal (17) , over 90% in Guizhou, China (18) , and Saudi Arabia (19) . Nearly 44% of mothers and babies were found to have the condition, according to a study's pooled findings across African nations (20) .…”

The Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Alignment of Mandibular Anterior Teeth: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…However, when measured, it was found to be low in the majority of participants (12.28 ng/mL ± 5.2). Keeping in mind that vitamin D 3 deficiency is a worldwide problem [ 34 – 38 ], this group reflected the actual vitamin D 3 level in the general population. Although serum calcium and phosphate level were low in the CG, they were still within the normal range.…”