Vitamin D intake is associated with dementia risk in the Washington Heights‐Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP)

Abstract

Introduction: Low vitamin D intake and low vitamin D circulating levels have been associated with increased risk for dementia. We aimed to examine the association between vitamin D intake and dementia in a multiethnic cohort. Methods: A longitudinal study of 1759 non-demented older (≥65 years) participants of the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project with follow-up visits and completed a food frequency questionnaire. Dementia was diagnosed by consensus using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Cox hazard regression was performed. Results: During a mean follow-up of 5.8 years, 329 participants developed dementia. Participants with the highest tertile of vitamin D intake from food sources had decreased risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.97, P = .030) for dementia compared with those with the lowest tertile, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, apolipoprotein E (APOE)-4, physical activity, Mediterranean diet (MeDI) score, income, depression, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and smoking. Discussion: Higher vitamin D intake is associated with decreased risk of dementia in a multiethnic cohort.

Angiogenin Levels and Their Association with Cardiometabolic Indices Following Vitamin D Status Correction in Saudi Adults

“…These conflicting results may be due to different methods used, sex differences, and variations in the hormonal response of target tissue contributing to variations in lipid control and gene activation/inactivation. This interventional study found a significant elevation in levels of apo-CIII and apo-E after total adjustment of vitamin D levels which is in line with interventional studies that found a significant link between apo-E and vitamin D intake from food sources [48].The rise of these apolipoproteins in this interventional study suggests the positive modulation of vitamin D on the cardiometabolic factors. The marked increase in apo-CIII with vitamin D supplementation because of the atherogenic properties of apo-CIII appears controversial, but it must be looked at considering the fact that apo-CIII is readily exchangeable between triglyceride-rich lipoprotein and HDL systems [23].…”

Efficacy and safety of Dengyinnaotong Capsule in patients with Cognitive impairment caused by cerebral Small Vessel Disease: study protocol of a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial (De-CSVD trial)

“…The inclusion criteria of participants are as follows: (1) participants aged 50–70 years; (2) participants with cognitive decline in memory or other cognitive domains at least for 3 months, and was diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (cognitive decline in one or more cognitive domains and is insufficient to affect the independence of life) according to the “Chinese Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Cognitive Dysfunction Related to Cerebral Small Vascular Disease (2019)” [ 16 ]; (3) participants with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) score<26 (does not meet the diagnostic criteria of dementia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition [ 17 ]) and a clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) score of 0.5 points [ 18 ]; (4) head computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging showed recent small subcortical infarcts, lacunes, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), enlarged perivascular spaces, and microbleeds, and according to the “Chinese Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Cognitive Dysfunction Related to Cerebral Small Vascular Disease (2019)” and “Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebral Small Vascular Disease in China (2015)” [ 19 ] (more than 2 lacunar infarcts outside the brain stem, Fazekas score ≥ 2 and number of cerebral micro hemorrhage ≥ 3); and (5) participants with signed informed consent for trial participation.…”

Factors Influencing Alzheimer’s Disease Risk: Whether and How They are Related to the APOE Genotype

“…Randomized clinical trials testing folic acid supplementation in the elderly revealed the positive effect of maintaining cognitive ability [ 80 ]. Vitamin D deficiency, defined as serum vitamin D <10 ng/mL, was shown to be hazardous for AD according to several cohort studies [ 81 ], and Zhao et al conducted a prospective cohort study that verified that high vitamin D supplementation is protective against dementia [ 82 ]. Omega-3 fatty acids from seafood is another component found to be beneficial by inhibiting cognitive decline.…”