Vitamin D Status and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Khoshbakht, Yadollah; Bidaki, Reza; Salehi‐Abargouei, Amin

doi:10.1093/advances/nmx002

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…14 Additionally, vitamin D deficiency is linked to psychiatric conditions including ADHD, autism, depression, and schizophrenia. [15][16][17][18] These clinical findings warrant further study. Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency may be contributive to the increased susceptibility of CTDs, and therefore vitamin D3 supplementation will reduce the severity of tic symptoms in children with CTDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

<p>Clinical improvement following vitamin D3 supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders</p>

Wang

et al. 2019

NDT

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Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency has been found in children with chronic tic disorders (CTDs). Our previous data showed that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level in children with CTDs was lower than that of the healthy controls and lower serum 25(OH)D level was associated with increased severity of the tic disorder. Thus, we intend to further verify this phenomenon and examine the effect of vitamin D3 on CTDs. Patients and methods: In total, 120 children with CTDs and 140 normal controls were enrolled in this study, with 36/120 of those in the CTD group receiving vitamin D3 treatment for 3 months. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and Clinical Global Impression of Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) were, respectively, used to evaluate the tic severity. High-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were used to measure serum 25(OH)D level. Results: Those children with CTDs exhibited significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than did healthy controls, and these reduced 25(OH)D levels were linked to increasing severity of tic symptoms. After treatment with supplemental vitamin D3, serum 25(OH)D level and scores of YGTSS total, motor tics, phonic tics, total tic, impairment, and CGI-SI improved significantly in children with CTDs without any adverse reactions. Conclusion: Supplementation vitamin D3, given its low cost and excellent safety, may be an effective means of improving symptoms in certain children with CTDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

<p>Clinical improvement following vitamin D3 supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders</p>

Wang

et al. 2019

NDT

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“…They found a high prevalence of VD deficiency in ADHD (>90%), which was significantly higher than that of HCs. Recently, Khoshbakht et al (9) undertook a meta-analysis on VD levels and ADHD. They discovered that reduced VD levels were correlated significantly with the likelihood of ADHD, and that perinatal suboptimal VD concentrations were correlated significantly with a higher risk of ADHD in later life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that low maternal levels of VD during pregnancy can lead to an increased risk of offspring with ADHD (7,8). Studies have shown that children suffering from ADHD have a reduced serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) as compared with that in healthy children (9)(10)(11). VD supplementation is an adjunct therapy used to overcome symptoms of ADHD and has comparatively few side effects (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Yue

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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Objective: To measure levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) and the symptomatic association of their co-deficiencies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chinese children (6–9 years).Methods: Eighty-two children (69 boys and 13 girls; mean age = 7.1 ± 0.9 years at the time of the diagnosis) with ADHD were recruited as ADHD group. A total of 106 healthy children were recruited as the healthy control (HC) group. Serum levels of retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) of all children were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham IV Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) was employed to assess the clinical symptoms of ADHD.Results: Children suffering from ADHD had significantly reduced serum levels of retinol and 25(OH)D compared with those of HCs, and the prevalence of VA deficiency and VD deficiency were higher in children suffering from ADHD. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol were linked closely with the presence or absence of ADHD after adjustment for age, body mass index, season of blood sampling, and sun exposure. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol showed a negative correlation with the total scores of SNAP-IV. Children with ADHD as well as VA and VD co-deficiency had increased SNAP-IV total scores and ADHD inattention subscale scores.Conclusion: VA deficiency and VD deficiency in children with ADHD were increased in comparison with that in HCs. VA and VD co-deficiency associated with ADHD symptom severity. Attention should be paid to regular testing of VA levels and VD levels. However, the mechanism of VA and VD in ADHD needs to be further studied. Interventional studies on VA and VD supplementation are recommended to further verify the relationship between VA and VD co-deficiency and ADHD.

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“…Similarly, prospective studies show that low perinatal vitamin D concentrations increase risk of diagnosis later in life (RR: 1.40; 95% CI = 1.09–1.81). This meta-analysis must be interpreted with caution, as removal of one study abolishes the correlation [ 88 ]. Considering the risk of ASD and ADHD observed with vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D may join folate as recommended supplementation in women preparing for pregnancy.…”

Section: Vitamin D/vitamin D Receptor Signalling In Neurodevelopmentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut instincts: vitamin D/vitamin D receptor and microbiome in neurodevelopment disorders

2020

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The gut microbiome regulates a relationship with the brain known as the gut–microbiota–brain (GMB) axis. This interaction is influenced by immune cells, microbial metabolites and neurotransmitters. Recent findings show gut dysbiosis is prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as well as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There are previously established negative correlations among vitamin D, vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels and severity of ASD as well as ADHD. Both vitamin D and VDR are known to regulate homeostasis in the brain and the intestinal microbiome. This review summarizes the growing relationship between vitamin D/VDR signalling and the GMB axis in ASD and ADHD. We focus on current publications and summarize the progress of GMB in neurodevelopmental disorders, describe effects and mechanisms of vitamin D/VDR in regulating the microbiome and synoptically highlight the potential applications of targeting vitamin D/VDR signalling in neurodevelopment disorders.

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Vitamin D Status and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cited by 51 publications

References 56 publications

<p>Clinical improvement following vitamin D3 supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders</p>

<p>Clinical improvement following vitamin D3 supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders</p>

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Gut instincts: vitamin D/vitamin D receptor and microbiome in neurodevelopment disorders

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