VLF lightning location by time of group arrival (TOGA) at multiple sites

Dowden, R. L.; Brundell, James B.; Rodger, Craig J.

doi:10.1016/s1364-6826(02)00085-8

Cited by 316 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

239

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent research has shown that satellite measurements are a useful tool for estimating LNO x (Boersma et al, 2005;Beirle et al, 2010;Bucsela et al, 2010;Pickering et al, 2016). Pickering et al (2016) combined OMI V trop data with data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) (Dowden et al, 2002;Lay et al, 2004;Virts et al, 2013) to estimate the production efficiency (PE) of LNO x (moles per flash). Using SPv2 and WWLLN data from the Gulf of Mexico over five Northern Hemisphere summers (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011), they obtained a mean PE value of 80 ± 45 mol flash −1 .…”

Section: Impact On Lightning No X Emissions Estimatementioning

confidence: 99%

The version 3 OMI NO2 standard product

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We describe the new version 3.0 NASA Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) standard nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) products (SPv3). The products and documentation are publicly available from the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (https://disc. gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/OMNO2_V003/summary/). The major improvements include (1) a new spectral fitting algorithm for NO 2 slant column density (SCD) retrieval and (2) higherresolution (1 • latitude and 1.25 • longitude) a priori NO 2 and temperature profiles from the Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) chemistry-transport model with yearly varying emissions to calculate air mass factors (AMFs) required to convert SCDs into vertical column densities (VCDs). The new SCDs are systematically lower (by ∼ 10-40 %) than previous, version 2, estimates. Most of this reduction in SCDs is propagated into stratospheric VCDs. Tropospheric NO 2 VCDs are also reduced over polluted areas, especially over western Europe, the eastern US, and eastern China. Initial evaluation over unpolluted areas shows that the new SPv3 products agree better with independent satellite-and ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements. However, further evaluation of tropospheric VCDs is needed over polluted areas, where the increased spatial resolution and more refined AMF estimates may lead to better characterization of pollution hot spots.

show abstract

Section: Impact On Lightning No X Emissions Estimatementioning

confidence: 99%

The version 3 OMI NO2 standard product

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It consists of ≈20-30 sensors around the world detecting "sferics" caused by lightning in the very low frequency (VLF) band (6 to 22 kHz). A lightning stroke is identified if a sferic is detected by at least 5 WWLLN stations, and localized using the time of group arrival (Dowden et al, 2002).…”

Section: The Wwllnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct satellite observation of lightning-produced NOx

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.Lightning is an important source of NO x in the free troposphere, especially in the tropics, with strong impact on ozone production. However, estimates of lightning NO x (LNO x ) production efficiency (LNO x per flash) are still quite uncertain.In this study we present a systematic analysis of NO 2 column densities from SCIAMACHY measurements over active thunderstorms, as detected by the World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), where the WWLLN detection efficiency was estimated using the flash climatology of the satellite lightning sensors LIS/OTD. Only events with high lightning activity are considered, where corrected WWLLN flash rate densities inside the satellite pixel within the last hour are above 1 /km 2 /h. For typical SCIAMACHY ground pixels of 30 × 60 km 2 , this threshold corresponds to 1800 flashes over the last hour, which, for literature estimates of lightning NO x production, should result in clearly enhanced NO 2 column densities.From 2004-2008, we find 287 coincidences of SCIA-MACHY measurements and high WWLLN flash rate densities. For some of these events, a clear enhancement of column densities of NO 2 could be observed, indeed. But overall, the measured column densities are below the expected values by more than one order of magnitude, and in most of the cases, no enhanced NO 2 could be found at all.Our results are in contradiction to the currently accepted range of LNO x production per flash of 15 (2-40) × 10 25 molec/flash. This probably partly results from the specific conditions for the events under investigation, i.e. events of high lightning activity in the morning (local time) and mostly (for 162 out of 287 events) over ocean.Within the detected coincidences, the highest NO 2 column densities were observed around the US Eastcoast. This might Correspondence to: S. Beirle (steffen.beirle@mpic.de) be partly due to interference with ground sources of NO x being uplifted by the convective systems. However, it could also indicate that flashes in this region are particularly productive.We conclude that current estimates of LNO x production might be biased high for two reasons. First, we observe a high variability of NO 2 for coincident lightning events. This high variability can easily cause a publication bias, since studies reporting on high NO x production have likely been published, while studies finding no or low amounts of NO x might have been rejected as errorneous or not significant. Second, many estimates of LNO x production in literature have been performed over the US, which is probably not representative for global lightning.

show abstract

“…The signal at 24.8 kHz is received at Suva using the World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) VLF setup (Dowden et al 2002) at Physics division, USP, and is recorded using Software based Phase and Amplitude Logger (SoftPAL). The signal is recorded at 0.1 s resolutions by SoftPAL and run using Chart for Windows software.…”

Section: Experimental Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial results on solar flare effect on 24.8 kHz subionospheric propagation over long path to Suva

Kumar¹,

Kumar²

2008

S. Pac. J. Nat. App. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

VLF lightning location by time of group arrival (TOGA) at multiple sites

Cited by 316 publications

References 9 publications

The version 3 OMI NO<sub>2</sub> standard product

The version 3 OMI NO<sub>2</sub> standard product

Direct satellite observation of lightning-produced NO<sub>x</sub>

Initial results on solar flare effect on 24.8 kHz subionospheric propagation over long path to Suva

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

VLF lightning location by time of group arrival (TOGA) at multiple sites

Cited by 316 publications

References 9 publications

The version 3 OMI NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; standard product

The version 3 OMI NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; standard product

Direct satellite observation of lightning-produced NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;

Initial results on solar flare effect on 24.8 kHz subionospheric propagation over long path to Suva

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The version 3 OMI NO<sub>2</sub> standard product

The version 3 OMI NO<sub>2</sub> standard product

Direct satellite observation of lightning-produced NO<sub>x</sub>