Volatile segregation and generation of highly vesiculated explosive magmas by volatile-melt fining processes: The case of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption

Moretti, Roberto; Arienzo, Ilenia; Renzo, Valeria Di; Orsi, G.; Arzilli, Fabio; Brun, Francesco; D’Antonio, Massimo; Mancini, Lucia; Deloule, Étienne

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.10.001

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While Shoshonitic (high K) and latitic lavas and melt inclusions are abundant in the PVD (e.g., in the Minopoli and Fondo Riccio eruptions) and have long been though to represent the least evolved end members of the magma interaction process (Civetta et al, 1997;Di Vito et al, 1999;Pappalardo et al, 2002;Di Matteo et al, 2006;Mangiacapra et al, 2008), eruptive products cropping out on the islands of Procida and nearby Ventotene and melt inclusions within them (D'antonio et al, 1999a;de Astis et al, 2004;Fedele et al, 2006;Esposito et al, 2011) suggest the presence of less evolved, lower SiO 2 and K 2 O (bordering calc-alkaline) melts than previously thought. This observation is also supported by the presence of primitive melt inclusions in the eruptive products of the Campanian Ignimbrite; See data compilation in Moretti et al (2019) and references therein. Trachybasaltic compositions have also been measured in melt inclusions entrapped in olivine crystals from the Pomici Principali eruption (Arienzo et al, 2010a).…”

Section: Sample Selection and Geological Relevancementioning

confidence: 54%

“…In the latter case, mixing of at least three different magmatic components has been suggested based on Srisotopic disequilibria among pumice samples, whole rocks and hosted minerals (D'antonio et al, 1999b). In fact, interaction between the evolved magma storage system and intruding primitive magmas is a ubiquitous process in the PVD (Civetta et al, 2004;Mangiacapra et al, 2008;Isaia et al, 2009;González-García et al, 2017;Morgavi et al, 2019) and is documented in several ignimbrites (Civetta et al, 1997;Moretti et al, 2019) as well as dome lavas (Melluso et al, 2012). The Fondo Riccio, Minopoli, and Santa Maria delle Grazie eruptions are of particular interest here, as they document extensive interaction of potassium-rich-basaltic magmas with trachytes-producing explosive eruptions of latitic composition (Cannatelli et al, 2007;Isaia et al, 2009).…”

Section: Magma Interaction In the Phlegrean Volcanic District (Pvd)mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Summary of select compositions occurring within the PVD. Data are shown for the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption; compilation by Moretti et al (2019) and Forni et al (2018), as well as for melt inclusions and eruptive products of the Minopoli eruption (Cannatelli et al, 2007) and lavas and xenoliths from Procida and Ventotene (D'antonio et al, 1999a). The composition used in this study is synthesized to represent the least evolved composition known to occur in the PVD.…”

Section: Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Disequilibrium Rheology and Crystallization Kinetics of Basalts and Implications for the Phlegrean Volcanic District

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large volcanic eruptions are frequently triggered by the intrusion of hot primitive magma into a more evolved magma-chamber or-mush zone. During intrusion into the cooler mush zone, the basaltic magma undergoes crystallization, which in turn can release heat and volatiles to the mush. This should cause a drop in bulk mush-viscosity, potentially leading to its mobilization and even eruption. The non-linear changes in the transport properties of both magmas during this interaction also modulate how the magmas accommodate deformation during both interaction and ascent. As such, this interaction represents a complex disequilibrium phenomenon, during which the material properties guiding the processes (dominantly viscosity) are in constant evolution. This scenario highlights the importance of non-isothermal sub-liquidus processes for the understanding of natural magmatic and volcanic systems and underlines the need for a rheological database to inform on, and to model, this interaction process. Here we present new experimental data on the disequilibrium rheology of the least evolved end-member known to be involved in magma mixing and eruption triggering as well as lava flow processes in the Phlegrean volcanic district (PVD). We measure the melt's subliquidus rheological evolution as a function of oxygen fugacity and cooling rate and map systematic shifts in its rheological "cut off temperature; T cutoff " (i.e., the point where flow ceases). The data show that (1) the rheological evolution and solidification behavior both depend on the imposed cooling-rate, (2) decreasing oxygen fugacity decreases the temperature at which the crystallization onset occurs and modifies the kinetics of melt crystallization and (3) the crystallization kinetics produced under dynamic cooling are significantly different than those observed at or near equilibrium conditions. Based on the experimental data we derive empirical relationships between the environmental parameters and T cutoff. These empirical descriptions of solidification and flow may be employed in numerical models aiming to model lava flow emplacement or to reconstruct the thermomechanical interaction between basalts and magma mush systems. We further use the experimental data in concert with existing models of particle suspension rheology to derive the disequilibrium crystallization kinetics of the melt and its transition from crystallization to glass formation.

show abstract

Section: Sample Selection and Geological Relevancementioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Magma Interaction In the Phlegrean Volcanic District (Pvd)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Disequilibrium Rheology and Crystallization Kinetics of Basalts and Implications for the Phlegrean Volcanic District

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Magma reservoirs are now often interpreted as long-lived, relatively cold storage zones with mush lenses comprised of melt and crystals formed as a result of repeated intrusions from depth (e.g., Mahood, 1990;Nakamura, 1995;Bachmann et al, 2002;Zellmer et al, 2003;Moretti et al, 2013;Brown et al, 2014;Cooper and Kent 2014;Annen et al, 2015;Bergantz et al, 2015;Edmonds et al, 2016;Bergantz et al, 2017;Cashman et al, 2017;Spera and Bohrson, 2018;Carrara et al, 2019;Moretti et al, 2019). Crystals form a continuous interlocking framework due to close crystal contacts through which melt is distributed in varying volumetric proportions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatic Processes at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe: Insights From Crystal Studies and Diffusion Timescales for Eruption Onset

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Signals of volcanic unrest do not usually provide insights into the timing, size and style of future eruptions, but detailed analysis of past eruptions may uncover patterns that can be used to understand future eruptive behavior. Here, we examine basaltic-andesitic to andesitic eruption deposits from La Soufrière de Guadeloupe, covering a range of eruption styles, ages and magnitudes. Our work is timely given unrest at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe has increased over the last 25 years. We constrain the timescales of magmatic processes preceding four eruptions: 1657 Cal. CE (Vulcanian), 1010 Cal. CE (Plinian), ∼341 Cal. CE (Strombolian) and 5680 Cal. BCE (La Soufrière de Guadeloupe’s first known Plinian eruption). Using crystal-specific analyses of diffusion in orthopyroxenes, we calculate the timescale occurring between the last recharge/mixing event in the magma reservoir and the eruption. We use backscattered electron images, coupled with EMPA of the outermost crystal rim, to derive magmatic timescales. We model the timescale populations as random processes whose probability distributions provide expected (“mean”) timescales and the associated standard errors for each eruption. This provides a new statistical method for comparing magmatic timescales between disparate eruptions. From this, we obtain timescales of magma storage at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe ranging from 34.8 ± 0.4 days to 847 ± 0.4 days, with no clear distinction between eruption style/size and timescales observed. Based on these data, magmatic interaction timescales are a poor predictor of eruption style/size. This study shows that magmatic processes prior to eruption can occur on relatively short timescales at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe. Further to this basaltic-andesitic to andesitic volcanoes can rapidly produce large-scale eruptions on short timescales. These relatively short timescales calculated for volcanic processes at this system constitute a critical new data set and warrant an urgency in enhancing modeling and interpretation capabilities for near-real time monitoring data. These integrated efforts will improve early warning, eruption forecasting and crisis response management for different scenarios, as well as planning for long-term risk reduction.

show abstract

“…Direct access to complex 3D pore networks at multiple scales in different geological bodies and soils provides key structural information for numerical modeling of, for instance, fluid flow in porous media (Munawar et al, 2018). Recently, XTM has been successfully used to document metamorphic reactions (Zhu et al, 2016;Bedford et al, 2017), for digital rock (and reservoir) petrophysical property predictions and direct insight into micro-scale phenomena (Fusseis et al, 2012;Blunt et al, 2013), and in volcanology, where it has been providing insights into, for example, crystallization and degassing processes in magma evolution (Moretti et al, 2019), bubble growth in basaltic foams (Baker et al, 2012) and magma rheology (Pistone et al, 2015c).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Resolved in situ X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy Unraveling Dynamic Processes in Geologic Systems

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sub-Second X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy coalescence in volcanological material. With the integration of a rheometer, information on bubble deformation could also be gained. In the near future, upgrades of most large-scale synchrotron radiation facilities to diffraction-limited storage rings will create new opportunities, for instance through sub-second tomographic imaging capabilities at sub-micron length scales.

show abstract

Volatile segregation and generation of highly vesiculated explosive magmas by volatile-melt fining processes: The case of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption

Cited by 20 publications

References 86 publications

Disequilibrium Rheology and Crystallization Kinetics of Basalts and Implications for the Phlegrean Volcanic District

Disequilibrium Rheology and Crystallization Kinetics of Basalts and Implications for the Phlegrean Volcanic District

Magmatic Processes at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe: Insights From Crystal Studies and Diffusion Timescales for Eruption Onset

Time Resolved in situ X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy Unraveling Dynamic Processes in Geologic Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About