Volcanic hazard and risk assessment in a multi-source volcanic area: the example of Napoli city (Southern Italy)

Abstract

Abstract. The possible emplacement of pyroclastic fall and flow products from Campi Flegrei and Somma-Vesuvio represents a threat for the population living in Napoli city. For this area, the volcanic hazard was always partially investigated to define the hazard related to the Campi Flegrei or to the Somma-Vesuvio activity one at a time. A new volcanic hazard and risk assessment, at the municipality scale, as a vital tool for decision-making about territorial management and future planning, is presented here.In order to assess the hazard related to the explosive activity of both sources, we integrated the results of field studies and numerical simulations,

Pyroclastic Density Current Hazards and Risk

“…By using the distribution of relevant geophysical and geochemical variables in the caldera to quantify the spatial probability of new vent opening, and the energy-line model to determine the areas affected by PDCs, Alberico et al (2002Alberico et al ( , 2011 developed qualitative incursion maps for selected eruptions scaled to VEI. Similarly, Rossano et al (2004) produced first-order quantitative PDC incursion maps by assuming vent opening in the central part of the caldera, and using the simple 1D dynamic model of McEwen and Malin (1989) treating PDCs as homogeneous Bingham fluids.…”

The Effects of Vent Location, Event Scale, and Time Forecasts on Pyroclastic Density Current Hazard Maps at Campi Flegrei Caldera (Italy)

“…The model can therefore approximate the flow front velocity as a function of the distance from the origin. In order to quantify first-order effect of topography on the invasion area, the kinetic energy of the flow front is compared to the potential energy required to overcome the topographical reliefs that the flow encounters, thus following an approach similar to the energy-line (or energy-cone) model (Hsu, 1975;Malin and Sheridan, 1982;Alberico et al, 2011;Tierz et al, 2016). For simplicity the sea surface is assumed as flat ground topography with no effect of the water on the PDC propagation: this enables us to obtain a first (likely minimal) approximation of the potential hazard represented by PDCs traveling over the sea (see Neri et al, 2015, for more details).…”

“…A qualitative hazard map of PDC invasion for the city of Napoli from both CF and Vesuvius was also developed, based on the integration of a spatial probability map of vent opening and the consideration of different eruptive scales (Alberico et al, 2011). The invasion areas were determined using the energycone model based on the assumption of linear decay of flow energy with distance (e.g., Hsu, 1975;Malin and Sheridan, 1982).…”

WebGIS as boundary tools between scientific geoinformation and disaster risk reduction action in volcanic areas

“…This is especially true in the case of Mount Cameroon. In this context of strong social vulnerability (Apa et al, 2012), the WebGIS has less potential to be useful for people at risk than for national and local authorities concerned with risk management. For local communities at risk, other tools are more appropriate such as participatory 3-D maps (P3DM) for local communities (Cadag and Gaillard, 2012).…”

“…Risk therefore combines the multiple relevant hazards in a given area, of the exposed assets, their vulnerability and of the capacity of societies to cope with these hazards (e.g. Marzocchi and Woo, 2009;Alberico et al, 2011). Boundary objects in volcanic risk management include, for example, scenarios and hazard and risk maps (e.g.…”