Waste biorefinery towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy: a solution to global issues

Abstract

Global issues such as environmental problems and food security are currently of concern to all of us. Circular bioeconomy is a promising approach towards resolving these global issues. The production of bioenergy and biomaterials can sustain the energy–environment nexus as well as substitute the devoid of petroleum as the production feedstock, thereby contributing to a cleaner and low carbon environment. In addition, assimilation of waste into bioprocesses for the production of useful products and metabolites lead towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy. This review aims to highlight the waste biorefinery as a sustainable bio-based circular economy, and, therefore, promoting a greener environment. Several case studies on the bioprocesses utilising waste for biopolymers and bio-lipids production as well as bioprocesses incorporated with wastewater treatment are well discussed. The strategy of waste biorefinery integrated with circular bioeconomy in the perspectives of unravelling the global issues can help to tackle carbon management and greenhouse gas emissions. A waste biorefinery–circular bioeconomy strategy represents a low carbon economy by reducing greenhouse gases footprint, and holds great prospects for a sustainable and greener world.

Utilization of Agricultural Waste Biomass And Recycling Towards Circular Bioeconomy

“…Rice straw and wheat straw are chie y produced by Asia, whereas America is leading in the production of corn straw and bagasse (Table . 2). Unchecked accumulation of these agro-wastes has been the reason for environmental pollution in various nations, and thereby needs to be processed into some value-added products like bioethanol (Leong et al 2021). The four chief agro-wastes (rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw and baggase) are the utmost favorable feedstock for bioethanol production because of their accessibility round the year (Table . 2) ).…”

“…Circular bioeconomy directs a well-organized usage of waste biomass as well as the by-products for the value-added product formation focusing the concept of recycle and reuse to conserve the environmental viability. The bene cial prospects of circular bioeconomy include lower emission of GHG, reduced dependency on fossil fuels, engaging the renewable resources and valorization of waste biomass obtained from agriculture, shery, aquaculture and industry (Leong et al 2021). This review provides a clear picture on the production, characterization and classi cation of agricultural waste and its involvement in biore nery process to develop a circular bioeconomy.…”

Circular Economy Applied to Organic Residues and Wastewater: Research Challenges

“…The concept of environmental biorefinery was also explored for waste and wastewater treatment [17,18]. It involves the incremental integration of mature processes into existing plants to give added value [9,19,20].…”

Mecanismos de remediação dos hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos do petróleo utilizando microalgas e cianobactérias com vistas a bioeconomia circular

“…Este conceito se baseia na ideia de reciclagem, reutilização e remanufatura para geração de bioprodutos úteis para a sociedade. Portanto, a bioeconomia circular pode ser considerada como uma economia de baixo carbono, uma vez que apresenta potencial para o desenvolvimento de um ambiente mais sustentável (Leong et al, 2021).…”