Waste timber pyrolysis in a medium-scale unit: Emission budgets and biochar quality

Sørmo, Erlend; Silvani, Ludovica; Thune, Gorm; Gerber, Helmut; Schmidt, Hans Peter; Smebye, Andreas Botnen; Cornelissen, Gerard

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137335

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Recently, initiative like the International Biochar Initiative (IBI) and the European Biochar Certificate (EBC) are born to talk about BC and better define its standards, especially for the valorization of such residues in environmental field [15,16]. Most papers propose it as contaminants immobilizers due to its graphite-like structure, its porosity and surface area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar from Pine Wood, Rice Husks and Iron-Eupatorium Shrubs for Remediation Applications: Surface Characterization and Experimental Tests for Trichloroethylene Removal

et al. 2021

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Nowadays porous materials from organic waste, i.e., Biochar (BC), are receiving increased attention for environmental applications. This study adds information on three BCs that have undergone a number of studies in recent years. A Biochar from pine wood, one from rice husk and one from Eupatorium shrubs enriched with Iron, labelled as PWBC, RHBC and EuFeBC respectively, are evaluated for Trichloroethylene (TCE) removal from aqueous solution. Physical-chemical description is performed by SEM-EDS and BET analysis. The decrease of TCE over time follows a pseudo-second order kinetics with increased removal by the PWBC. Freundlich and Langmuir models well fit equilibrium test data. The optimized values of the maximum adsorbed amount, qmax (mg g−1), follows this order 109.41 PWBC > 30.35 EuFeBC > 21.00 RHBC. Fixed-bed columns are also carried out. Best performance is again achieved by PWBC, which operates for a higher number of pore volume, followed by EuFeBC and RHBC. Continuous testing confirms batch studies and makes it possible to evaluate the workability of materials in configurations closer to reality. Results are promising for potential environmental application. In particular, the characterization of several classes of contaminants opens the doors to possible uses in mixed contamination cases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar from Pine Wood, Rice Husks and Iron-Eupatorium Shrubs for Remediation Applications: Surface Characterization and Experimental Tests for Trichloroethylene Removal

et al. 2021

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“…The need to treat DWTR with slow-rate pyrolysis at 600 • C introduces a substantial energy requirement, and the need to limit oxygen presents an engineering challenge when scaled to produce enough DWTR for lake restoration. However, commercial modular biomass-to-biochar pyrolysis systems exist, able to produce 200 to 500 tons of biochar per year [84]. However, if these costs render DWTR more expensive than readily available and cheap alum, then the feasibility of DWTR as a solidphase P sorbent is limited.…”

Section: Considerations For Treatment Of Dwtrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Washing and Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Based Drinking Water Treatment Residuals to Optimize Phosphorus Sorption and Nitrogen Leaching: Considerations for Lake Restoration

Huser

Padungthon

Junggoth

et al. 2021

Water

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Drinking water treatment residuals (DWTRs) generated during drinking water treatment have been proposed for use in lake restoration as a solid-phase sorbent to inactivate phosphorus (P) in lake sediment. However, treatments that minimize leaching of nitrogen (N) and optimize P sorption capacity may be necessary prior to use. This study assessed seven different treatment methods, including washing and heat treatments at different temperatures and with and without oxygen limitation, among two DWTRs from Thailand. Results showed that oxygen-limited heat treatment at 600 °C substantially reduced N leaching (<0.2 mg/kg TKN) while also improving P sorption capacity (increase of 18–32% compared to untreated DWTR) to a maximum of 45.7 mg P/kg. Washing with deionized water reduced N leaching if a sufficient volume was used but did not improve P sorption. Heating at 200 °C with or without the presence of oxygen did not improve N leaching or P sorption. Regression of P sorption parameters from a two-surface Langmuir isotherm against physio-chemical properties indicated that oxalate-extractable (i.e., amorphous) aluminum and iron were significantly associated with total P sorption capacity (R2 = 0.94), but micropores and oxalate-extractable P modulated the P sorption from high-affinity to low-affinity mechanisms. In conclusion, this study confirmed the importance of amorphous aluminum in DWTRs for inactivating P, and the results suggest that high-temperature treatment under oxygen-limited conditions may be the most reliable way to optimize DWTRs for environmental remediation applications.

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“…One concern, however, is that the combustion of gases with high tar content as the pyrolysis gases has been linked with increased particulate matter (PM) emissions, namely, PM 10 , PM 2.1 , and nitrous oxide emissions [65]. The control of these pollutants requires the implementation of complex processes of combustion and flue gas treatment, such as flameless oxidation (FLOX) processes, electrostatic precipitators, bag filters, or cyclones [66]. Therefore, the production of high-quality biochar in auger and rotary kiln reactors results in elevated initial investment costs (>500,000 USD) and high maintenance costs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Farmers’ Cooperatives to Convert Coffee Husks into Biochar and Promote the Bioeconomy in the North Ecuadorian Amazon

Salgado

Säumel

Cianferoni³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Improving the livelihoods of communities living in fragile ecosystems, such as tropical forests, is among the main strategies to promote their conservation and preserve wildlife. In the Ecuadorian Amazon, farmers’ cooperatives are recognized as an important mechanism to improve the socioeconomic conditions of local communities. This study analyzes the integration of pyrolysis processes to convert agricultural waste into biochar as a way to implement the bioeconomy in these organizations. We found that post-harvesting processes in the studied farmers’ cooperatives are similar, and coffee husks are a potential feedstock to produce biochar. Although the environmental policies in Ecuador consider the valorization of agricultural waste, we did not find any specific standard to regulate the operation of pyrolysis facilities. Nonetheless, conversion of agricultural waste into biochar can contribute to (i) replacement of subsidized fossil fuels used in drying processes, (ii) prevention of environmental pollution caused by accumulation of waste, (iii) emergence of new income sources linked with the provision of carbon sequestration services, and (iv) the long-term maintenance of soil fertility. Currently, demonstration projects are needed to stimulate collaboration among farmers’ cooperatives, academia, the government, international cooperation agencies, and existing forest conservation initiatives.

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Waste timber pyrolysis in a medium-scale unit: Emission budgets and biochar quality

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

Biochar from Pine Wood, Rice Husks and Iron-Eupatorium Shrubs for Remediation Applications: Surface Characterization and Experimental Tests for Trichloroethylene Removal

Biochar from Pine Wood, Rice Husks and Iron-Eupatorium Shrubs for Remediation Applications: Surface Characterization and Experimental Tests for Trichloroethylene Removal

Washing and Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Based Drinking Water Treatment Residuals to Optimize Phosphorus Sorption and Nitrogen Leaching: Considerations for Lake Restoration

Potential for Farmers’ Cooperatives to Convert Coffee Husks into Biochar and Promote the Bioeconomy in the North Ecuadorian Amazon

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