Wastewater reuse in Jubail, Saudi Arabia

Al-A'ama, Mohammad S.; Nakhla, G.F.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(94)00148-z

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Moreover, TW can be used to irrigate energy crops [7]. In Saudi Arabia, treated sewage is used to irrigate municipal plants in the streets, and this has now been expanded to include crops in some farms [8,9] under strict government supervision and control. In light of the scarcity of water sources in arid and semi-arid areas, and in order to conserve groundwater, it is important to look into other irrigation practices such as the use of TW to produce forage to feed livestock [10], such as alfalfa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Irrigation with Treated Wastewater or Well Water on the Nutrient Contents of Two Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Cultivars in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2019

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Water scarcity has greatly increased the need for research into alternative irrigation methods. Irrigation with treated wastewater (TW) is considered an important alternative in terms of reducing our dependence upon groundwater and freshwater. In this study, we examined the effects of irrigation with TW on the nutrient contents of two alfalfa cultivars and compared them with the nutrient contents of plants irrigated with well water (WW). The two cultivars (Alhassawy—a local cultivar and CUV101) were cultivated from 2013 to 2015 and sampled twice. For both cultivars and in both sampling periods, irrigation with TW significantly affected the macronutrient and micronutrient contents of alfalfa tissues. Plants irrigated with TW had higher K and Ca contents, but lower N, P, and Mg contents. No significant variation in S content was noted between plants irrigated with WW and TW. Furthermore, cultivar and cutting time had significant effects on nutrient contents, and these variables interacted with the effect of the water type used for irrigation. However, before TW can be regularly used in irrigation processes, further long-term studies are needed that consider the variations in water treatment efficiency and differences between cultivated sites in addition to the crop being irrigated with TW.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Irrigation with Treated Wastewater or Well Water on the Nutrient Contents of Two Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Cultivars in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2019

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“…Wastewater reuse in Saudi Arabia has effectively reduced environmental pollution associated with its treatment and disposal and provided a valuable source of water supply for landscape irrigation at a reduced cost. [1] Municipal and industrial wastewaters may however contain a variety of conventional priority organic pollutants that exhibit toxic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic properties. These pollutants are unlikely to be removed by conventional treatment methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Environmental Parameters of Treated Wastewater in Soils

Ghosn

Al‐Muzaini

2004

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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Available data about treated sanitary and industrial wastewater in Kuwait were collected and reviewed. Potential changes in the environmental parameters of these waters when permeated through predominantly loamy sand soil samples collected from three agricultural sites in Kuwait, an arid land desert area. The environmental parameters investigated included pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total organic content (TOC), and total hydrocarbon content (THC). The results indicated these parameters have generally reflected marked variations. These variations were attributed to the interactions between soil, soil pore water, and influent wastewaters used in this study. The results also indicated that the above-investigated environmental parameters stayed well within the allowable limits set for the reuse of tertiary treated sanitary and industrial wastewaters in agricultural irrigation applications.

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“…Although water reuse has been practiced to a small extent in many countries for centuries, renewed interest in water reuse is surging (Asano and Levine, 1996). Water reclamation and recycling have been prominently used or are being considered in the arid and semi-arid parts of the world such as West Asia (Al-A'ama and Nakhla, 1995), Mediterranean…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%