Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

Richardson, Susan D.; Ternes, Thomas A.

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04577

Cited by 514 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…Organic micropollutants (MPs) are chemicals present in water resources at ng L À1 to mgL À1 concentrations as ac onsequence of human activities. [1,2] Concerns about their negative effects on human health [3][4][5][6][7] and the environment [8][9][10] motivate the development of technologies that remove MPs more effectively. [11][12][13][14][15][16] These efforts are complicated by the broad range of physiochemical properties of MPs,i ncluding charge,s ize,h ydrophobicity,a nd their diverse chemical functionality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of a Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile‐β‐Cyclodextrin Polymer to Remove Anionic Micropollutants and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Water

et al. 2019

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Organic micropollutants (MPs) are anthropogenic substances that contaminate water resources at trace concentrations.M any MPs,i ncluding per-a nd polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), have come under increased scrutiny because of their environmental persistence and association with various health problems.Ab-cyclodextrin polymer linked with tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFN-CDP) has high affinity for cationic and many neutral MPs from contaminated water because of anionic groups incorporated during the polymerization. But TFN-CDP does not bind many anionic MPs strongly,i ncluding anionic PFASs.T oa ddress this shortcoming,w er educed the nitrile groups in TFN-CDP to primary amines,w hich reverses its affinity towards charged MPs.T FN-CDP exhibits adsorption distribution coefficients (log K D values) of 2-3 for cationic MPs and À0.5-1.5 for anionic MPs,w hereas the reduced TFN-CDP exhibits log K D values of À0.5-1.5 for cationic MPs and 2-4 for anionic MPs, with especially high affinity towards anionic PFASs.K inetic studies of the removal of 10 anionic PFASs at environmentally relevant concentrations showed 80-98 %r emoval of all contaminants after 30 min and was superior to commercial granular activated carbon. These findings demonstrate the scope and tunability of CD-based adsorbents derived from as ingle polymerization and the promise of novel adsorbents constructed from molecular receptors.Supportinginformation and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: https://doi.

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confidence: 99%

Reduction of a Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile‐β‐Cyclodextrin Polymer to Remove Anionic Micropollutants and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Water

et al. 2019

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“…These compounds are often referred to as substances or compounds of emerging concern, or 'emerging organic contaminants' (EOC) and include groups such as pharmaceuticals, veterinary medicines, surfactants, plasticisers as well as substances used in personal care products. The term 'EOC' is used to cover not only newly developed compounds but also compounds newly discovered in the environment, often due to analytical developments (Richardson and Ternes 2017) and compounds that have only recently been categorised as potential contaminants that are therefore unregulated. For example pesticides and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons would fall outside of this scope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…using the persistence-mobility-toxicity approach (Berger et al 2018) to target substances or substance groups which are of particular concern in terms of human and ecosystem health (Küster and Adler 2014). There are still analytical challenges for many groups of substances, for example many per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and metabolites of parent compounds, but recent developments in analytical methods makes the task of screening for very large numbers of organic compounds possible and more cost-effective (Richardson and Ternes 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a groundwater watch list for substances of emerging concern: a European perspective

Lapworth

López

Laabs³

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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There is growing concern globally about the occurrence of anthropogenic organic contaminants in the environment, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products. This concern extends to groundwater, which is a critical water resource in Europe, and its protection is a priority to the European Commission, the European Union (EU) Member States and national agencies across Europe. Maintaining good groundwater status supports improved public health, economic growth and sustains groundwater dependant ecosystems. A range of measures have been introduced for regulating several substances that have impacted groundwater (e.g. nitrate and pesticides). However, these measures only cover a small fraction of anthropogenic substances that could pollute groundwater. Monitoring for these unregulated substances is currently very limited or not carried out at all. Therefore, a coordinated European-wide approach is needed to identify, monitor and characterise priority substances or groups of substances that have the potential to pollute groundwater. This evidence base is critical for policy development and controls on these currently unregulated substances. The European Commission highlighted this as a need during the review of the EU Groundwater Directive Annexes in 2014, when the requirement to develop a Groundwater Watch List (GWWL) was established. This paper describes the approach that has been developed through a voluntary initiative as part of the EU CIS Working Group Groundwater to establish the voluntary EU GWWL. The process for developing the GWWL is one that has brought together researchers, regulators and industry, and is described here for the first time. A summary of the key principles behind the methodology is presented as well as results from pilot studies using per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and pharmaceuticals. These explore and support the viability of the GWWL process, an important step towards its adoption and its future use for groundwater protection across Europe.

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“…Like salt, BZT contamination of water bodies peaks in the late winter or early spring (Alvey et al, 2016; Parajulee et al, 2017), possibly due to increases in BZT use in antifreezes and de-icers for cars, airplanes, or other heavy equipment (Kiss and Fries, 2012). Existing evidence suggests that BZT harms aquatic plants and animals, including duckweed (Pillard et al, 2001; Seeland et al, 2012; Gatidou et al, 2017), and that it may be a human carcinogen (Richardson and Ternes, 2018). BZT resists degradation in the aquatic environment (Weiss et al, 2006), but green infrastructure methods may remove substantial amounts via biodegradation or sorption (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience to multiple stressors in an aquatic plant and its microbiome

O'Brien

Luo

et al. 2019

Preprint

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1Premise Environments are changing rapidly, and outcomes of species interactions, es-2 pecially mutualisms, are notoriously dependent on the environment. A growing number 3 of studies have investigated responses of mutualisms to anthropogenic changes, yet most 4 studies have focused on nutrient pollution or climate change, and tested single stres-5 sors. Relatively little is known about impacts of simultaneous chemical contaminants, 6 which may di↵er fundamentally from nutrient or climate stressors, and are especially 7 widespread in aquatic habitats. 8 Methods We investigated the impacts of two common contaminants on interactions 9 between the common duckweed Lemna minor and its microbiome. Sodium chloride 10 (salt) and benzotriazole (a corrosion inhibitor) negatively a↵ect aquatic organisms 11 individually, yet commonly co-occur in runo↵ to duckweed-inhabited sites. We tested 12 three L. minor genotypes with and without the culturable portion of their microbiome 13 across field realistic gradients of salt (3 levels) and benzotriazole (4 levels) in a fully 14 factorial experiment (72 treatments), and measured plant and microbial growth. 15Key Results We found that stressors had conditional e↵ects. Salt decreased both 16 plant and microbial growth, but decreased plant survival more as benzotriazole con-17 centrations increased. In contrast, benzotriazole did not a↵ect microbial abundance, 18 and benefited plants when salt and microbes were absent, perhaps due to the biotrans-19 formation we observed without salt. Microbes did not ameliorate duckweed stressors, 20 as microbial inoculation increased plant growth, but not at high salt concentrations. 21Conclusions Our results suggest that multistressor e↵ects matter when predicting re-22 sponses of mutualisms to global change, but that mutualisms may not bu↵er organisms 23 from stressors. 24 dation 26 1 29the fates of interacting species, and most organisms engage in at least one mutualism with 30 another species, be it for nutrition, protection, or dispersal. There is concern that mutual-31 ists may be particularly vulnerable to environmental change because mutualism outcomes 32 are often context-dependent. In other words, the magnitude of benefits exchanged between 33 mutualistic partners typically depends on the external abiotic or biotic environment (Cham-34 berlain et al., 2014), and environments are changing at a historically unprecedented pace. As 35 a result, many mutualisms are now taking place in novel environments where partners face 36 multiple stressors (Kiers et al., 2015). A key question is therefore: how do anthropogenic 37 stressors, singly or in combination, a↵ect mutualism outcomes? And in the same vein, does 38 mutualism mitigate or exacerbate global change (Frederickson, 2017)? 39 There is also currently substantial interest in plant-associated microbiomes and how 40 they may facilitate acclimation or adaptation to plant stressors. The term 'microbiome' 41 refers either to the community of microbes living together in an environment, suc...

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Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

Cited by 514 publications

References 251 publications

Reduction of a Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile‐β‐Cyclodextrin Polymer to Remove Anionic Micropollutants and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Water

Reduction of a Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile‐β‐Cyclodextrin Polymer to Remove Anionic Micropollutants and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Water

Developing a groundwater watch list for substances of emerging concern: a European perspective

Resilience to multiple stressors in an aquatic plant and its microbiome

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