Water Movement and the Eye

Kinsey, V. Everett; Grant, M. S.; Cogan, David G.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1942.00880020026002

Cited by 85 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In 1942, Kinsey et al (22) showed that intraperitoneally or intracamerally administered D20 disappeared from the aqueous chamber at a rate many times faster than that reported by fluorophotometry. Our study confirms the fast removal rate of water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Measurement of water movement in the rabbit eye in vivo using H₂¹⁷O

Kwong

Xiong

Kuan

et al. 1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Topically applied (eyedrop) H2(17)O (10% enrichment) was used in magnetic resonance studies to quantify intraocular water dispersion in vivo. The rate of H2(17)O removed from the aqueous chamber is in the order of 0.1 ml/min/ml of tissue. Similar results are obtained with either proton imaging or 17O spectroscopy. Parallel experiments of direct injection of H2(17)O into the aqueous chamber supported the topical data. Proton MR imaging of H2(17)O dissipation from the aqueous chamber with clinical imagers, coupled with eyedrop application, suggests clinical possibilities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Measurement of water movement in the rabbit eye in vivo using H₂¹⁷O

Kwong

Xiong

Kuan

et al. 1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…per minute of whole aqueous humor, whereas heavy water (D20) in the blood stream enters the anterior chamber at a rate equal to approximately 50 c. ram. per minute (6). No value for the rate of accumulation of radiophosphorus was given, but it was stated that the rate is less rapid.…”

Section: Expertm~ntal Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration of Radioactive Sodium and Chloride Into Cerebrospinal Fluid and Aqueous Humor

Wang

1948

Journal of General Physiology

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Through the use of Na ~4 as tracer the rate of entrance into the anterior chamber and cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits and dogs after intravenous injection was measured and reported by Visscher and Cart (1). It was shown that Na u passed into the aqueous humor about twice as rapidly as into the cerebrospinal fluid, reaching 75 per cent of equilibrium in 45 minutes. Earlier studies on the rabbit by Kinsey et aL (2) indicated an apparent rate of entry from the blood into the anterior chamber equivalent to 4.5 c. ram. per minute of whole aqueous humor. In addition they found that the aqueous humor:plasma concentration ratio for Na ~ and CP s reached 50 per cent after approY~mately 40 minutes following intraperitoneal injection. The rate of entry of p32 was found to be less rapid.Greenberg et aJ. (3) compared the rates of penetration of p82, Na ~, K, Br Sr, Rb, and I m into the cerebrospinal fluid after intraperitoneal injection.They used the open drainage method to avoid dilution of the preformed fluid by the newly formed fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid in the present investigation was not disturbed prior to the first cisternal puncture.The present study follows up the work of Visscher and Cart (1) but is more comprehensive in that it is directed not only to the study of the rates of penetration of radioactive Na and C1 ions across the blood-aqueous humor and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers, but also to the study of the rate in which these isotopes diffuse from the blood stream into the extracellular tissue fluid, and of the chloride and sodium space in the dog with the aid of radioactive sodium and chloride. A pparatu~For the rapid measurement of the radioactivity in the various fluids withdrawn from the animal, a special "immersion" type of Geiger-Miiller counter was designed (4). This eliminates the drying process, and the rapidly diminishing radioactivity of CI ss, whose half-life is 37 minutes, could be determined as soon as the fluid was withdrawn from the animal. The wall of this counter is thin enough so that the /~-mys can penetrate it easily (thickness, about 0.01 ram.). Several test experiments made with Na~C1 in solution gave a linear relationship between the counting rate and radioactive concentration. * Present address, Biophysics Section, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

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“…aus dem Blute, und steht mit diesem nicht nur in regem Austausch yon Jonen, sondern auch yon Wasser (K i n s e y, G r a n t Cogan, 1942, Cagianut et al, 1949. Die Krgfte, welche diesen Wasseraustausch und, die Blutfiille der intraokularen Gefgsse beherrschen, regeln den intraokularen Druck.…”

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