We Know Too Little about Parasitoid Wasp Distributions to Draw Any Conclusions about Latitudinal Trends in Species Richness, Body Size and Biology

Quicke, Donald L. J.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032101

Cited by 90 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We found that whether diversity was estimated using molecular operational taxonomic units (BINs) or phylogenetic estimates of diversity (PD), there was no significant peak in diversity across latitude. One potential explanation for this is that the rates of under-description outlined by Quicke (2012) are high not only in the tropics but also across latitude. If this were the case, we should expect that estimating latitudinal patterns of diversity within parasitoids would require a massive influx of new samples and sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some have questioned whether this apparent exception is a trend actually caused by limits in taxonomic and geographic sampling (Skillen et al 2000;Willig et al 2003;Jones et al 2009;Baselga et al 2010;Santos and Quicke 2011;Quicke 2012;Veijalainen et al 2012). For example, data from comparatively well-studied northern geographic regions such as North America and Europe (Santos and Quicke 2011) and data gathered over longer time periods may conflate our understanding of species richness (Willig et al 2003).…”

Section: Doubts About Anomalous Diversity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of parasitoid and parasitic wasps across a latitudinal gradient: Using public DNA records to work within a taxonomic impediment

Eagalle

Smith

2017

FACETS

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The diversity of insect parasitoids (Hymenoptera) has long been thought to be anomalous because it doesn't appear to increase rapidly with decreasing latitude. However, due to the presence of undiscovered cryptic species and the under-sampling of hyper-diverse tropical areas, such apparently anomalous gradients may, in fact, be artifacts of limited geographic and taxonomic sampling. We attempted to circumvent such taxonomic impediments by elucidating a diversity/latitude relationship for parasitoid wasps, using publicly available DNA sequences to quantify diversity (via a species proxy molecular operational taxonomic unit (the DNA Barcode Index Number) and phylogenetic diversity) across a latitudinal gradient of ∼5000 km. We compared these diversity values to the abiotic factors (temperature and precipitation) that may drive the diversity/latitude relationship. We found no significant relationship between either diversity measure with latitude or with the environmental variables. Although ours is the first work to enumerate different DNA-based measures of parasitoid diversity across this geographic scale in a standardized fashion using publicly available sequences, further standardized collections over long time periods and a rapid movement of sequences into the public arena are needed to facilitate the further testing of macroecological trends elucidated with public DNA sequence libraries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Doubts About Anomalous Diversity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of parasitoid and parasitic wasps across a latitudinal gradient: Using public DNA records to work within a taxonomic impediment

Eagalle

Smith

2017

FACETS

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“…Both ichneumonid wasps (which are parasitoids of insects [Owen and Owen 1974]) and aphids (which are pathogens on plants) (Dixon et al 1987), also appear to be less diverse in the tropics (but see Quicke [2012] who questions this pattern for ichneumonids). The ''resource fragmentation hypothesis'' has been proposed to explain these ''reversed'' patterns (Kindlmann et al 2007).…”

Section: Using Parasite Ldgs To Inform General Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasite species richness and intensity of interspecific interactions increase with latitude in two wide‐ranging hosts

Torchin

Miura

Hechinger

2015

Ecology

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Abstract. Although the latitudinal diversity gradient is a well-known and general pattern, the mechanisms structuring it remain elusive. Two key issues limit differentiating these. First, habitat type usually varies with latitude, precluding a standardized evaluation of species richness. Second, broad-scale and local factors hypothesized to shape diversity patterns covary with one another, making it difficult to tease apart independent effects. Examining communities of parasites in widely distributed hosts can eliminate some of these confounding factors. We quantified diversity and interspecific interactions for trematode parasites infecting two similar snail species across 27 degrees of latitude from 43 locations in tropical and temperate oceans. Counter to typical patterns, we found that species richness, levels of parasitism, and intensity of intraguild predation increased with latitude. Because speciation rates are precluded from driving diversity gradients in this particular system, the reversed gradients are likely due to local ecological factors, specifically, increased productivity and stability. We highlight how this system may serve as a useful tool to provide insight into what processes drive diversity gradients in general.

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“…Furthermore, absence of evidence cannot be considered as evidence for absence, especially in the case of parasitoid wasp distributions in regions as understudied as the Old World and New World tropics (Quicke 2012). Current distribution records might thus give a drastic underestimation of the actual distribution of the genus, and Dimophora might have a much larger distribution than currently recognized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nine new species ofDimophorafromAustralia (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae): new insights on the distribution of a poorly known genus of parasitoid wasps

Klopfstein

2015

Austral Entomology

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Parasitoid wasps fulfil a vital role in all terrestrial ecosystems as natural enemies of spiders and insects, including many agricultural pests. Despite their value in biological control, even the most basic knowledge of species diversity is missing for large parts of the world, including Australia. The ichneumonid genus Dimophora (Cremastinae) was previously known from eight extant species that, with the exception of the Neotropical Dimophora daschi Gauld, were all believed to occur only in the Northern Hemisphere. Here, eleven species of this genus are reported for the first time from Australia, nine of which are of Dimophora in Australia is due to a recent radiation, if it indicates that this is its centre of origin, or if it simply reflects a relict distribution of the genus. In any case, the doubling of the number of species of this rare genus demonstrates the need for taxonomic studies of parasitoid wasps in Australia.

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We Know Too Little about Parasitoid Wasp Distributions to Draw Any Conclusions about Latitudinal Trends in Species Richness, Body Size and Biology

Cited by 90 publications

References 36 publications

Diversity of parasitoid and parasitic wasps across a latitudinal gradient: Using public DNA records to work within a taxonomic impediment

Diversity of parasitoid and parasitic wasps across a latitudinal gradient: Using public DNA records to work within a taxonomic impediment

Parasite species richness and intensity of interspecific interactions increase with latitude in two wide‐ranging hosts

Nine new species ofDimophorafromAustralia (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae): new insights on the distribution of a poorly known genus of parasitoid wasps

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