Weathering of Basalt: Changes in Rock Chemistry and Mineralogy

Eggleton, Richard A.; Foudoulis, Chris; Varkevisser, Dane

doi:10.1346/ccmn.1987.0350301

Cited by 238 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The vertical CV was often much higher than the horizontal CV, suggesting a shallow weathered soil. Due to ongoing weathering of the basalt to Al-and Fe oxyhydroxides and 2:1 clay minerals (Eggleton et al, 1987) and due to the strongly acidic soil conditions, neither Al and Biogeosciences Discuss., doi :10.5194/bg-2016-98, 2016 Manuscript under review for journal Biogeosciences Published: 4 April 2016 c Author(s) 2016. CC-BY 3.0 License.…”

Section: Case Bbr: Spatial Patterns Of Total P and Different P Fractimentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Patterns of Phosphorus Fractions in Soils of Temperate Forest Ecosystems with Silicate Parent Material

Werner

Haye

Spielvogel

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. The stage of pedogenesis is a crucial indicator describing phosphorus (P) distribution, but also governing spatial 10 P distribution patterns. Here, we assessed spatial patterns of P fractions and major P binding partners (e.g. organic C, pedogenic Fe and Al minerals) in a geosequence to describe spatial and pedogenetic changes of P distribution and to identify mechanisms for these changes. We found, that the distribution of total P was generally best matched by the distribution pattern of organic P, both showing decreasing content from the top-to the subsoil. Inorganic P was mainly ascribed as bound in unweathered rock at all sites, but with decreasing importance in later stages of pedogenesis. The pedogenetically young 15 soil at Bad Brückenau also showed adsorbed inorganic P in the topsoil, probably due to high mineralization of organic P.Soil organic matter (SOM)-sesquioxide-complexes, as well as Al and Fe oxyhydroxides were identified as main binding partners of organic P at all stages of pedogenesis. With depth, the correlations of various P fractions with SOM decreased, whereas those with pedogenic Fe and Al oxyhydroxides increased. The change of sorbent is due to the mobilization of first Al, and in later stages of pedogenesis, of Fe in the topsoil. Both metals and its oxyhydroxides (Al(OH) i , Fe(OH) i ) probably 20 formed strong complexes with SOM and therefore retained P in the pedon. Due to the heterogeneous P distribution, our results suggest a differing ecosystem P nutrition strategy at each of our sites: from acquiring inorganic P from weathered primary rock to minimizing loss of organic P by recycling. We argue that even in early stages of pedogenesis, P recycling is a major driver of ecosystem P nutrition, however not as important as in later stages. We conclude that the stage of pedogenesis in silicate soils, as e.g. visible in degree and state of podzolization, serves as predictor for plant and microbial P 25 nutritional strategies.

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Section: Case Bbr: Spatial Patterns Of Total P and Different P Fractimentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Patterns of Phosphorus Fractions in Soils of Temperate Forest Ecosystems with Silicate Parent Material

Werner

Haye

Spielvogel

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…The initial weathering products of ferromagnesian silicate minerals may be iron oxides, iron oxyhydroxides, or clay minerals, depending on the intensity of leaching in the weathering profile (Cleaves, 1974). Continued weathering produces either pseudomorphs of clay minerals after pyribole (e.g., Eggleton, 1975;Cole and Lancucki, 1976;Delvigne, 1983;Eggleton et al, 1987) or a boxwork structure in which fracture fillings are preserved, but the pyribole itself is dissolved (Basham, 1974;Cleaves, 1974;Delvigne, 1983).…”

Section: Velbelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathering of Hornblende to Ferruginous Products by a Dissolution-Reprecipitation Mechanism: Petrography and Stoichiometry

Velbel

1989

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--Hornblende of the Carrol Knob mafic complex (southern Blue Ridge Mountains, North Carolina) has weathered under humid, temperate conditions. Hornblende weathering appears to have been a dissolution-reprecipitation reaction, in which hornblende dissolved stoichiometrically, and the ferruginous and aluminous weathering products (goethite, gibbsite, and kaolinite) precipitated from solution (neoformation). During the earliest stage of alteration, ferruginous weathering products formed as linings of fractures within and around crystals and cleavage fragments of hornblende. Side-by-side coalescence of lenticular etch pits during more advanced weathering produced characteristic "denticulated" terminations on hornblende remnants in dissolution cavities bounded by ferruginous boxworks. Dissolution cavities are devoid of weathering products. Small "pendants" of ferruginous material project from the boxwork into void spaces. Because these products are separated from the hornblende remnants by void space, they must have been produced by dissolution-reprecipitation reactions. Complete removal of the parent hornblende left a ferruginous microboxwork or "negative pseudomorph." Only A1 and Fe were conserved over microscopic distances; alkali and alkaline-earth elements were stoichiometrically removed from the weathering microenvironment during the weathering process.

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“…In an agricultural setting, organic acids produced by plants weather the rock surface, liberating nutrients and dissolving silica [24]. Ca 2þ and Mg 2þ are among the most easily weathered base cations of basalt [25,26], and react to form soluble bicarbonate compounds [10]. Consumption of H þ ions during the weathering process buffers the soil, increasing the availability of existing soil nutrients, particularly P, which form plant-resistant compounds at low pH (figure 1) [20,27].…”

Section: Basalt Weathering For C Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of global croplands and bioenergy crops for climate change mitigation through deployment for enhanced weathering

et al. 2017

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Conventional row crop agriculture for both food and fuel is a source of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) to the atmosphere, and intensifying production on agricultural land increases the potential for soil C loss and soil acidification due to fertilizer use. Enhanced weathering (EW) in agricultural soils-applying crushed silicate rock as a soil amendment-is a method for combating global climate change while increasing nutrient availability to plants. EW uses land that is already producing food and fuel to sequester carbon (C), and reduces N 2 O loss through pH buffering. As biofuel use increases, EW in bioenergy crops offers the opportunity to sequester CO 2 while reducing fossil fuel combustion. Uncertainties remain in the long-term effects and global implications of large-scale efforts to directly manipulate Earth's atmospheric CO 2 composition, but EW in agricultural lands is an opportunity to employ these soils to sequester atmospheric C while benefitting crop production and the global climate.

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Weathering of Basalt: Changes in Rock Chemistry and Mineralogy

Cited by 238 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial Patterns of Phosphorus Fractions in Soils of Temperate Forest Ecosystems with Silicate Parent Material

Spatial Patterns of Phosphorus Fractions in Soils of Temperate Forest Ecosystems with Silicate Parent Material

Weathering of Hornblende to Ferruginous Products by a Dissolution-Reprecipitation Mechanism: Petrography and Stoichiometry

Potential of global croplands and bioenergy crops for climate change mitigation through deployment for enhanced weathering

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