Well‐Defined Nanostructured Biointerfaces: Strengthened Cellular Interaction for Circulating Tumor Cells Isolation

Abstract

The topographic features at the cell-material biointerface are critical for cellular sensing of the extracellular environment (ECM) and have gradually been recognized as key factors that regulate cell adhesion behavior. Herein, a well-defined nanostructured biointerface is fabricated via a new generation of mussel-inspired polymer coating to mimic the native ECM structures. Upon the bioinert background presence and biospecific ligands conjugation, the affinity of cancer cells to the resulting biofunctional surfaces, which integrate topographic features and biochemical cues, is greatly strengthened. Both the conjugated bioligand density, filopodia formation, and focal adhesion expression are significantly enhanced by the surficial nano-features with an optimized size-scale. Thus, this nanostructured biointerface exhibits high capture efficiency for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with high sensitivity, high biospecificity, and high purity. Benefiting from the unique bioligands conjugation chemistry herein, the captured cancer cells can be responsively detached from the biointerfaces without damage for downstream analysis. The present biofunctional nanostructured interfaces offer a good solution to address current challenges to efficiently isolate rare CTCs from blood samples for earlier cancer diagnosis.

Antibody mediated cotton-archetypal substrate for enumeration of circulating tumor cells and chemotherapy outcome in 3D tumors

“…The SiNP-generated nanostructured surface is likely responsible for promoting 3D tumor spheroid formation and growth through cellular pseudopodia formation and enhanced interaction with the cancer-cell derived ECM, which is consistent with other reported studies in the field. 30,37 Therefore, the 3D tumor formation and growth was observed to be directly related to the surface chemistries employed during CMS synthesis, the fluid dynamics, and the number of CTCs captured at a particular site. Further, we anticipated that such an in vitro cell culture methodology would provide a plethora of clinically relevant information towards understanding multidrug resistance mechanisms which directly impacts the development of novel anti-cancer drugs and therapies.…”

“…These results are in accordance with previous literature reports that demonstrate the interaction of nanoparticles with the complex suprastructure of ECM, ultimately leading to increased cell adhesion on nanopatterned surfaces. 30,31 SiNPs act as long, flexible linkers to enhance local, short-range antibody-antigen clustering 32,33 along with exhibiting multi-valency to increase the binding efficiency of cancer cells in a non-competitive manner. On the other hand, GPTMS is a short, fixed linker that restricts the accessibility of cell surface protein antigens to the immobilized antibodies, thereby, decreasing the cell capture efficiency.…”

Conducting Polymer-Infused Electrospun Fibre Mat Modified by POEGMA Brushes as Antifouling Biointerface

“…The interactions pertaining to the nonspecific adsorption of proteins include hydrophobic effects, van der Waals and coulumbic forces [ 4 , 5 ]. For example, biointerfaces for the capture and release of biological targets, such as circulating cancer cells (CTCs) [ 6 ] and extracellular vesicles (EVs) [ 7 ], are affected by protein fouling which results in obstruction of capture probes and contamination by proteins [ 8 ]. It is therefore important to develop biointerfaces with antifouling properties to suppress the non-specific adsorptions of proteins and other biomaterials.…”

The Advances of Neutrophil-Derived Effective Drug Delivery Systems: A Key Review of Managing Tumors and Inflammation

“…19,20 Under the condition of promoting circulation, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was also exploited and polypeptides or antibodies were used for specifically binding to receptors overexpressed in tumor tissues or inflammatory sites for amplifying active targeting. [21][22][23][24] However, the foregoing strategies are subject to the limits of complex material synthesis and carrier design.…”