Western Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the French NutriNet Cohort

Abstract

Background: Diet appears to play a key role in the pathogenesis of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Some dietary patterns (DP) could increase the risk of triggering or worsening IBS symptoms. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between a posteriori derived DP and IBS in a large French population, the web-based NutriNet-Santé cohort. Methods: Study population included participants of the NutriNet-Santé study who completed a questionnaire based on Rome III criteria assessing IBS. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify major DPs based on 29 food groups’ consumption. Associations between DP quintiles and IBS were investigated with multivariable logistic regressions. Results: 44,350 participants were included, with 2423 (5.5%) presenting IBS. Three major DP were extracted using PCA, “healthy,” “western,” and “traditional.” After adjustments on confounders, the “western” DP was positively associated with IBS (OR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.38, 95% CI 1.19–1.61, p trend < 0.0001) and the “traditional” DP was positively associated with IBS in women (OR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.29 95% CI 1.08–1.54, p trend = 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, a “western” DP—highly correlated with the consumption of fatty and sugary products and snacks—was associated with a moderate increased risk of IBS.

Performance of the Front-of-Pack Nutrition Label Nutri-Score to Discriminate the Nutritional Quality of Foods Products: A Comparative Study across 8 European Countries

“…Beverages such as water and unsweetened drinks were classified as healthier than sweetened drinks such as soft drinks and fruit nectars. All these findings are therefore in line with international key messages encouraging the consumption of fruits and vegetables, basic starches and whole cereals products, and limiting the consumption of fats, salt and sugar [4,[41][42][43]. Our results also highlighted the fact that the Nutri-Score could allow discriminate between manufactured and raw foods.…”

Data Mining Approach for the Characterization of Functional Bowel Disorders According to Symptom Intensity Provides a Small Number of Homogenous Groups

“…In contrast, the CDBP clustering differs from the Rome classification for many diagnoses: IBS-D was associated with PFD and MPD, FC with PFC and MPC, FD with MPD and NS, functional bloating with BL and NS, and functional AP with AP and BL. These results could explain some previous discordant results showing the association of pain and BL in these patients, the intensity of BL and AP being related to the IBS-C or to the FC phenotypes [30,31].…”

Irregular Dietary Habits with a High Intake of Cereals and Sweets Are Associated with More Severe Gastrointestinal Symptoms in IBS Patients

“…The positive effect of the diet may depend not only on a decrease of cereals and sweets/soft drinks, but also due to an increase of more healthy food items and dietary patterns. Irregular meal patterns [22,23], as well as fast food and candies [24,25,26], have previously been shown to be associated with IBS.…”