Wet degradation of keratin proteins: linking amino acid, elemental and isotopic composition

Holstein, Isabella C.C. von; Penkman, Kirsty; Peacock, Evan; Collins, Matthew J.

doi:10.1002/rcm.6999

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Unlike collagen, there are no experimentally derived elemental markers that can be used to definitely assess whether or not archaeological keratin carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions have been altered in the burial environment (but see von Holstein et al . ). Nevertheless, wool samples presenting atomic C:N ratios that were unusually low or high were treated as potentially degraded or contaminated, even if their isotopic compositions were not unusual.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Stable Isotope Sourcing of Wool from Textiles at Pacatnamú

et al. 2018

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Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions were determined for wool textiles from the Lambayeque (c. AD 1100-1320) occupation at Pacatnamú in the Jequetepeque Valley, northern Peru. The isotopic data demonstrate that the wool was not obtained via long-distance exchange with the highlands and was most probably derived from locally raised camelids. In light of other lines of evidence (diversity of dyes used to produce the same colours in textiles and the low quality of the weaving), textiles at Pacatnamú appear not to have been as effective a marker of political power and prestige for local elites as they were elsewhere in the Andean region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Stable Isotope Sourcing of Wool from Textiles at Pacatnamú

et al. 2018

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“…For vapor equilibration experiments at ambient (room) temperature (25°C), duplicate sets of five replicates of the keratin powders and polyethylene standards were weighed into open‐top silver capsules. It should be noted that ambient temperature vapor equilibration may be preferable for complex organic samples that are easily degraded by heat or by extremely long hot exposures . These samples were previously dried in a vacuum desiccator held at room temperature and evacuated once using a rotary pump to ~30 mbar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that ambient temperature vapor equilibration may be preferable for complex organic samples that are easily degraded by heat or by extremely long hot exposures. [22] These samples were previously dried in a vacuum desiccator held at room temperature and evacuated once using a rotary pump tõ 30 mbar. After 5 days, the desiccant (Drierite®) was removed and each set of open capsules was equilibrated with water vapor for 7 days.…”

Section: Methods B-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐evaluation of the hydrogen stable isotopic composition of keratin calibration standards for wildlife and forensic science applications

Soto

Koehler

Wassenaar

et al. 2017

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

103

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For routine H isotope analyses, with proper sample pre-treatment, we show that the Comparative Equilibration approach can provide accurate and reproducible non-exchangeable δ H values among laboratories regardless of the reactor type used. © 2017 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Reproduced with the permission of the Environment and Climate Change Canada.

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“…Boudin et al [120] found an atomic C:N ratio range of 3.4−3.8 to be reliable within the context of 14 C dating of wool. von Holstein et al [121] found minimal changes to the carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of wool textiles undergoing experimental degradation. Our approach to monitor for textile samples with unreliable isotopic compositions altered by post-depositional processes was informed by the approaches of Ambrose [122] and DeNiro [123] for bone collagen.…”

Section: Sample Integritymentioning

confidence: 98%

Camelid husbandry in the Atacama Desert? A stable isotope study of camelid bone collagen and textiles from the Lluta and Camarones Valleys, northern Chile

Szpak

Valenzuela

2020

PLoS ONE

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Management of camelids in the coastal valleys of the Andes has generated much debate in recent years. Zooarchaeological and isotopic studies have demonstrated that in the coastal valleys of northern and southern Peru there were locally maintained camelid herds. Because of the hyperarid conditions of the northern coast of Chile, this region has been assumed to be unsuitable for the raising of camelids. In this study we report stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of camelid bone collagen and textiles made from camelid fiber from Late Intermediate Period (LIP) and Late Horizon (LH) occupations in northern Chilean river valleys. The camelid bone collagen isotopic compositions are consistent with these animals originating in the highlands, although there is a significant difference in the camelids dating to the LIP and LH, possibly because of changes made to distribution and exchange networks by the Inca in the LH. There were no differences between the isotopic compositions of the camelid fibers sampled from textiles in the LIP and LH, suggesting that either the production of camelid fiber was unchanged by the Inca or the changes that were made do not present visible isotopic evidence. Several camelid fiber samples from both the LIP and LH present very high δ 13 C and δ 15 N values, comparable to human hair samples from one site (Huancarane) in the Camarones Valley. These data suggest that people in the northern valleys of Chile may have kept small numbers of animals specifically for fiber production. Overall, however, the vast majority of the textile samples have isotopic compositions that are consistent with an origin in the highlands. These data suggest that the hyperarid coastal river valleys of northern Chile did not support substantial camelid herds as has been interpreted for northern Peru.

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Wet degradation of keratin proteins: linking amino acid, elemental and isotopic composition

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Stable Isotope Sourcing of Wool from Textiles at Pacatnamú

Stable Isotope Sourcing of Wool from Textiles at Pacatnamú

Re‐evaluation of the hydrogen stable isotopic composition of keratin calibration standards for wildlife and forensic science applications

Camelid husbandry in the Atacama Desert? A stable isotope study of camelid bone collagen and textiles from the Lluta and Camarones Valleys, northern Chile

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