Wet Deposition of Heavy Metals during Farming Season in Taean, Korea

Jung, Goo-Bok; Kim, Min-Kyeong; Lee, Jong-Sik; Kim, Won-Il; Kim, Gun-Yeob; Ko, Byong-Gu; Kang, Kee-Kyung; Kwon, Soon‐Ik

doi:10.5338/kjea.2011.30.2.153

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…, with the exception of Cr and Zn, suggesting the anthropogenic origin of the species. These correlations were also observed in previous studies (Garcia et al, 2006;Jung et al, 2011). Significant correlations between SO 2− 4 and trace metals in rainwater were observed in Clarke and Radojevic (1987).…”

Section: Variations In Trace Metal Levels In Rainwatersupporting

confidence: 74%

Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

Chon

Kim

Bae

et al. 2015

Drink. Water Eng. Sci.

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Abstract.Recently, rainwater composition affected by atmospheric pollutants has been the topic of intense study in East Asia because of its adverse environmental and human health effects. In the present study, the chemical composition and organic compounds of rainwater were investigated from June to December 2012 at Gwangju in Korea. The aim of this study is to determine the seasonal variation of rainwater chemical composition and to identify possible sources of inorganic and organic compounds. The volumeweighted mean of pH ranged from 3.83 to 8.90 with an average of 5.78. Of rainwater samples, 50 % had pH values below 5.6. The volume-weighted mean concentration (VWMC) of major ions followed the orderThe VWMC of trace metals decreased in the order Zn > Al > Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr. The VWMCs of major ions and trace metals were higher in winter than in summer. The high enrichment factors indicate that Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd originated predominantly from anthropogenic sources. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) indicates the influence of anthropogenic pollutants, sea salt, and crustal materials on the chemical compositions of rainwater. Benzoic acids, 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, phthalic anhydride, benzene, acetic acids, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acids, benzonitrile, acetaldehyde, and acetamide were the most prominent pyrolysis fragments for rainwater organic compounds identified by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results indicate that anthropogenic sources are the most important factors affecting the organic composition of rainwater in an urban area.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the Delft University of Technology.

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Section: Variations In Trace Metal Levels In Rainwatersupporting

confidence: 74%

Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

Chon

Kim

Bae

et al. 2015

Drink. Water Eng. Sci.

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“…Moderate correlation was found among the trace metals and NH + 4 , NO − 3 , and SO 2− 4 , with the exception of Cr and Zn, suggesting the anthropogenic origin of the species. These correlations were also observed in previous studies (Garcia et al, 2006;Jung et al, 2011). Significant correlations between SO 2− 4 and trace metals in rainwater were observed in Clarke and Radojevic (1987).…”

Section: Correlation Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

Chon¹,

Kim²,

Bae³

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Abstract. The chemical composition and organic compounds of rainwater were investigated from June to December 2012 at Gwangju in Korea. The volume weighted mean of pH ranged from 3.83 to 8.90 with an average of 5.78. 50 % of rainwater samples had pH values below 5.6. The volume-weighted mean concentration (VWMC) of major ions followed the order: Cl− > SO42− > NH4+ > Na+ > NO3− > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. The VWMC of trace metals decreased in the order as follows Zn > Al > Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr. The VWMCs of major ions and trace metals were higher in winter than in summer. The high enrichment factors indicate that Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd originated predominantly from anthropogenic sources. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) indicates the influence of anthropogenic pollutants, sea salt, and crustal materials on the chemical compositions of rainwater. Benzoic acids, 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, phthalic anhydride, benzene, acetic acids, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acids, benzonitrile, acetaldehyde, and acetamide were the most prominent pyrolysis fragments for rainwater organic compounds identified by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results indicate that anthropogenic sources are the most important factors affecting the organic composition of rainwater in urban area.

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“…중금속은 유통화장품 안전관리 시험방법을 적용하여 유도결합 플라즈마 분광분석기 (Optima 7000DV; PerkinElmer, USA)로 시 험하였다 (Hu et al, 2005;Jung et al, 2007;Jung et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2019b). 납(Pb), 비소(As) 및 카드뮴 (Cd)은 각 중금속 표준원액(1,000 mg/L)에 0.5 mol/L 질산으로 희 석하고, 공시액으로 보정한 후 유도결합플라즈마 분광분석기로 흡 광도를 측정하였다.…”

Section: ⅰ 중금속unclassified

Functional Cosmetic Effects of Dendropanax, Sea Salt, and Other Extracts to Alleviate Hair Loss Symptoms

Choi¹,

Cho²,

Kim³

et al. 2021

Asian J Beauty Cosmetol

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Purpose: Here, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Jeonnam's unique resources, such as Dendropanax, sea salt, spinach, and kelp, to develop functional cosmetics that may alleviate hair loss. Methods: We performed safety tests with these resources, testing for heavy metals and cytotoxicity, and we evaluated their effectiveness as anti-microbial, cell proliferation, and anti-inflammation products. Results: The heavy metals concentration was lower than or in trace levels, as recommended by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety's standard of extracts such as Dendropanax, sea salt, etc. We confirmed cytotoxicity to be safe. In each extract, the concentrations of Dendropanax, sea salt, spinach, and kelp were 0.01 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Only the Dendropanax extract had microbial effect, with the distilled water extract reaching the highest effect. The cell proliferation increased to 0.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 2 mg/mL for Dendropanax, spinach, and kelp with distilled water extract, the anti-inflammation effect increased. Conclusion: We found that Dendropanax, sea salt, spinach, and kelp were safe and effective as functional cosmetic materials to alleviate hair loss symptoms through optimal standardization. We suggest further research to evaluate these cosmetics' functional effects.

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Wet Deposition of Heavy Metals during Farming Season in Taean, Korea

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

Functional Cosmetic Effects of Dendropanax, Sea Salt, and Other Extracts to Alleviate Hair Loss Symptoms

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