Wetting process of electrolyte in high density Cu/Sn micro-bumps electrodepositing

Self-propelled Leidenfrost droplets on femtosecond-laser-induced surface with periodic hydrophobicity gradient

“…On the other hand, the selective processing capability of laser can realize wettability control in different areas. Compared to processing methods such as photolithography and plasma etching, femtosecond laser processing has lower costs, a simpler preparation process, better mechanical stability, and less secondary pollution [37][38][39]. Furthermore, due to the nonlinear effects of femtosecond lasers and the smaller heat-affected zone, femtosecond laser processing of surface micro-nanostructures produces less burrs or debris as same as the case of nanosecond laser ablation [40].…”