When self-perceptions of expertise increase closed-minded cognition: The earned dogmatism effect

Ottati, Victor; Price, Erika; Wilson, Chase; Sumaktoyo, Nathanael Gratias

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2015.08.003

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, performance feedback has been found to affect respondents’ affective states, with failure experiences increasing feelings of anger and irritability, among others (Ottati et al. ).…”

Section: Study 1: Manipulating Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowered and enraged: Political efficacy, anger and support for populism in Europe

Rico

Guinjoan

Anduiza

2020

European J Political Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article addresses the psychological dynamics between internal political efficacy, emotions and support for populism. Contrary to the extended idea that populism is associated with low levels of political competence, it is argued that individuals' self-competence beliefs enhance populist attitudes. Individuals who conceive themselves as able to understand and participate effectively in politics are more critical towards politicians and more prone to consider that citizens could do a better job. The article also hypothesises that internal efficacy enhances the likelihood of experiencing anger, which in turn promotes populist attitudes. Experimental and comparative observational evidence shows robust direct effects of internal efficacy over populism, as well as a smaller indirect impact via feelings of anger. These findings raise important questions regarding the nature of populism and how to fight it in our emancipated and information-intensive democratic systems.

show abstract

Section: Study 1: Manipulating Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowered and enraged: Political efficacy, anger and support for populism in Europe

Rico

Guinjoan

Anduiza

2020

European J Political Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, according to a recent view in social psychology, situations that alter expertise-related self-perceptions may contribute to shifts in cognitive style. In particular, according to the earned dogmatism hypothesis, individuals who believe themselves to be more expert in a given domain are also more likely to adopt a dogmatic, closed-minded orientation [377]. This is important, because dogmatism is often seen to undermine the epistemic standing of an individual.…”

Section: Extended Cognizer Vs Extended Knower Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minds Online: The Interface between Web Science, Cognitive Science and the Philosophy of Mind

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alongside existing research into the social, political and economic impacts of the Web, there is a need to study the Web from a cognitive and epistemic perspective. This is particularly so as new and emerging technologies alter the nature of our interactive engagements with the Web, transforming the extent to which our thoughts and actions are shaped by the online environment. Situated and ecological approaches to cognition are relevant to understanding the cognitive significance of the Web because of the emphasis they place on forces and factors that reside at the level of agent-world interactions. In particular, by adopting a situated or ecological approach to cognition, we are able to assess the significance of the Web from the perspective of research into embodied, extended, embedded, social and collective cognition. The results of this analysis help to reshape the interdisciplinary configuration of Web Science, expanding its theoretical and

show abstract

“…The process of explaining complex phenomena can contribute to lowering individuals' reported understanding and confidence in their knowledgeattenuating their endorsement of their initial sense of knowledge (Rozenblit & Keil, 2002). It is possible that explanation-oriented discussions of political issues with a less knowledgeable person can contribute to reduced selfperceived knowledge, which is suggested to be associated with less partial and more openminded cognition (Ottati et al, 2015).…”

Section: Unpacking the Psychology Of Socratic Teachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining contentious political issues promotes open-minded thinking

Huynh¹,

Grossmann²,

Santos³

2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate how preparations for an explanation-oriented discussion with less knowledgeable others impacts reasoning about politically contentious issues. Results from two experiments (N=1,474), conducted at the peak of the 2012 and 2016 U.S. presidential elections, show that instructions to discuss contentious political issues with less knowledgeable persons (adolescents/persons new to the country) results in more impartial reasoning compared to self-reflections/discussions with a peer, mediated through greater focus on explaining the issue. These effects occurred independent of the magnitude of psychological self-distance, self-investment, or perceived knowledgeability between conditions. A pre-registered experiment 3 (N=410) manipulated explanations directly, demonstrating that explaining the issue of Brexit to a peer (vs. talking) fosters open-minded cognition among UK citizens who voted in favor of Brexit. We discuss implications for fostering open-minded reasoning about contentious issues and its relationship to psychological distance, intellectual humility, and generative motives.

show abstract

When self-perceptions of expertise increase closed-minded cognition: The earned dogmatism effect

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Empowered and enraged: Political efficacy, anger and support for populism in Europe

Empowered and enraged: Political efficacy, anger and support for populism in Europe

Minds Online: The Interface between Web Science, Cognitive Science and the Philosophy of Mind

Explaining contentious political issues promotes open-minded thinking

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About