When the Giant Falls: Endurance and Adaptation at Çadır Höyük in the Context of the Hittite Empire and Its Collapse

Ross, Jennifer C.; Steadman, Sharon R.; McMahon, Gregory; Adcock, Sarah E.; Cannon, Joshua

doi:10.1080/00934690.2018.1558906

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Existing characteristics are not always natural, however. At Çadır Höyük, the relatively light touch of the Hittite Empire made adjusting to broader regional decline easier as the community was already relatively self-sufficient [52]. On the other hand, in different circumstances similar stressors required adaptations by the afflicted communities to survive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Evidence for Community Resilience and Sustainability: A Bibliometric and Quantitative Review

Jacobson¹

2022

Preprint

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Archaeology is often argued to provide a unique long-term perspective on humans that can be utilised for effective policy-making, for example in discussions of resilience and sustainability. However, the specific archaeological evidence for resilient/sustainable systems is rarely explored, with these terms used simply to describe a community that survived a particular shock. In this study, a set of 74 case studies of papers discussing archaeological evidence for resilience/sustainability are identified and analysed using bibliometric methods. Variables from the papers are also quantified to assess patterns and provide a review of current knowledge. A great variety of scales of analysis, case study locations, stressors, resilient/sustainable characteristics, and archaeological evidence types are present. Climate change was the most cited stressor (n=40) and strategies relating to natural resources were common across case studies, especially subsistence adaptations (n=35), other solutions to subsistence deficiencies (n=23), and water management (n=23). Resilient/sustainable characteristics were often in direct contrast to one-another, suggesting the combination of factors is more important than each factor taken individually. Further quantification of well-defined variables within a formally-produced framework is required to extract greater value from archaeological case studies of resilience/sustainability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Evidence for Community Resilience and Sustainability: A Bibliometric and Quantitative Review

Jacobson¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Paved walkways connected work areas, and stone foundations delineated somewhat ephemeral enclosures (Fig. 7; Ross 2010). Also dating to the Middle Iron Age are some significant wall sections, including perhaps one arm of a gate whose foundation was stone.…”

Section: Types Of Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, there is substantial evidence for the production of clothing from animal products. While the specific products and technologies changed over time, Çadır's residents likely produced leather and textile items regularly, mostly at a small scale, but at least during the Iron Age, utilizing the southern slope area for hide-scraping, felt-processing, wool-working, and likely dyeing and fulling (Ross 2010). This may have been away from the main residential areas of the site, and selected (many times over the millennia) because prevailing winds could blow odors away from the rest of the site.…”

Section: Ceramics and Other Technologies At çAdır Höyükmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatolian Empires: Local Experiences from Hittites to Phrygians at Çadır Höyük

Ross¹,

McMahon²,

Heffron³

et al. 2019

Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies

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Çadır Höyük provides rich evidence for the endurance and transformation of specific cultural features and phenomena at a rural center on the Anatolian Plateau as it experienced the waxing and waning of control by imperial political powers of the Bronze and Iron Ages. Especially evident for those periods is the construction and maintenance of public architecture during periods of imperial power; certain economic activities also shift in their importance at those times. At the same time, continuity in economic and social organization is also a feature stretching across times of imperial control and its loss. Examination of the archaeological evidence from Çadır Höyük suggests that nothing is as continuous, nor as discontinuous, as it might seem.

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“…Since 1994, continuous excavations have revealed 6000 years of occupation on the Çadır mound, spanning the late sixth millennium BCE to the 14th century of this era (Cassis et al 2019;Ross et al 2019a;Steadman et al 2019a). Excavations on all four slopes of the mound, as well as on the North Terrace, have revealed the fortifications built by residents during the second millennium BCE Hittite age (Ross et al 2019b;, and the various industries undertaken during the Iron Age (first millennium BCE) Phrygian and later empires (Steadman et al 2019b, forthcoming). Work at Çadır Höyük has also contributed significantly to the understanding of the Late Antique and Byzantine hinterland over the last two millennia (Cassis and Steadman 2014;Cassis and Lauricella 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not Seeing Is Believing: Ritual Practice and Architecture at Chalcolithic Çadır Höyük in Anatolia

2021

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Chalcolithic religious practice at the site of Çadır Höyük (central Anatolia) included the insertion of ritual deposits into the architectural fabric of the settlement, “consecrating” spaces or imbuing them with symbolic properties. These deposits are recognizable in the archaeological record by their consistent use of ritually-charged material, such as ochre, copper, human and animal bone, and certain kinds of ceramics. During the 800-year period considered in this paper, the material practice of making these ritual deposits remained remarkably consistent. However, the types of spaces where the deposits are made change as shifting social organization reforms the divisions between private and public space.

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When the Giant Falls: Endurance and Adaptation at Çadır Höyük in the Context of the Hittite Empire and Its Collapse

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Archaeological Evidence for Community Resilience and Sustainability: A Bibliometric and Quantitative Review

Archaeological Evidence for Community Resilience and Sustainability: A Bibliometric and Quantitative Review

Anatolian Empires: Local Experiences from Hittites to Phrygians at Çadır Höyük

Not Seeing Is Believing: Ritual Practice and Architecture at Chalcolithic Çadır Höyük in Anatolia

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