Whispering gallery mode laser based on cholesteric liquid crystal microdroplets as temperature sensor

Zhao, Lun; Wang, Yan; Yuan, Yonggui; Liu, Yongjun; Liu, Shuangqiang; Sun, Weimin; Yang, Jun; Li, Hanyang

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2017.06.008

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Therefore, it is favorable to use materials with large thermal-optic and thermal expansion coefficient as the microcavity. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), [192,193] polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), [194,195] cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC), [21,140] and doped silica glass [196] are some common choices for the resonator. Different geometries for the WGM resonators have been proposed, including microrings, [87] microdisks, [197] microspheres, [198] microtoroids, [192] microdroplets, [147] and [ 167] microbubbles.…”

Section: Temperature Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19] As a result, WGM sensors have become a more and more powerful tool for biological and chemical applications over these years. [20] Extremely high sensitivities were recently presented in various application scenarios including temperature sensing (up to 0.96 nm°C −1 ), [21] humidity sensing (up to 47 pm %RH −1 ), [22] pressure sensing (up to 38 GHz per bar), [23] and detection of single biomolecule such as exosome, [24] lentivirus, [25] or protein. [26,27] Despite much progress in terms of sensitivity improvement, many of these WGM sensors only operate under sophisticated laboratory environment with complicated experimental procedures and bulky instruments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Sensors for Biological Applications

Wang

Zeng

Humbert

et al. 2020

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators have been exploited as a highly sensitive and efficient sensing technique in the past few years. They offer the advantages of ultrahigh sensitivity, compact size, and label-free sensing capability. More recently, with the rapid development of microfluidic technologies, many integrated WGM sensors, by combining the portability of lab-on-chip devices and the high sensitivity of WGM resonators, have emerged. The capabilities of efficient sample handling and multiplexed analyte detection offered by these systems have led to many biological and chemical sensing applications, especially for the detection of single particle or biomolecule. In this review, different sensing mechanisms based on integrated whispering gallery mode resonators are introduced. Various geometries of WGM cavities including solid, liquid, and hollow resonators and a detailed discussion on their integration with microfluidic devices are also covered. Different types of packaging schemes and integration methods are compared in terms of ease of fabrication and device performance. Finally, recent applications of microfluidic-based WGM sensors for detecting biological and chemical target molecules are discussed, with a prospect on future challenges and trends of development in microfluidics for multiplexed detection.

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Section: Temperature Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Sensors for Biological Applications

Wang

Zeng

Humbert

et al. 2020

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…LC microdroplets have nearly perfect spherical structures and smooth surfaces, so they can be used as good WGM resonators [38,39,41,42]. The difference in refractive indexes between LC microdroplets and the immersion liquid prompts the fluorescence emitted by the dye to be trapped in microdroplets in the form of WGMs.…”

Section: Wgm Lasing Spectra Of Stearic Acid-doped 5cb Microdropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of heavy metal ions using whispering gallery mode lasing in functionalized liquid crystal microdroplets

Duan

et al. 2019

Biomed. Opt. Express

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We demonstrate a detection method for heavy metal (HM) ions based on whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing in a liquid crystal (LC) microdroplet biosensor. By doping with stearic acid, nematic LC 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) microdroplets are biochemically functionalized and used as both optical microresonators and sensing elements. Typical WGM lasing emission is observed in stearic acid-doped 5CB microdroplets under a pulse laser pump. Our results show that quantitative spectral shift of WGMs can serve as a real-time indicator of the adsorption of HM ions on the microdroplet surface. The detection limit of our sensor is as low as 40 pM for Cu(II) ions, six orders of magnitude better than the exposure threshold defined by the World Health Organization. Furthermore, this sensing system has an ability to discriminate between heavy and light metal ions. We believe that this novel biosensor has great application potential for environmental monitoring and drinking water quality testing.

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“…The conjugated polymers have unique thermo-optic effect [ 37 , 38 ]. Zhao et al developed a tunable WGM microlaser based on dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal microdroplets with controllable size in an aqueous environment [ 39 ]. Dong et al investigated thermal effects in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microspheres, and demonstrate their potential for highly sensitive thermal sensing [ 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable WGM Laser Based on the Polymer Thermo-Optic Effect

et al. 2021

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In this work, the thermo-optic effect in polymers was used to realize a temperature-tunable whispering-gallery-mode laser. The laser was fabricated using a capillary tube filled with a light-emitting conjugated polymer solution via the capillary effect. In the whispering-gallery-mode laser emission wavelength can be continuously tuned to about 19.5 nm using thermo-optic effect of polymer. The influence of different organic solvents on the tuning rate was studied. For a typical lasing mode with a bandwidth of 0.08 nm, a temperature-resolved tuning rate of ~1.55 nm/°C was obtained. The two-ring coupling effect is responsible for the suppression of the WGM in the micro-cavity laser. The proposed laser exhibited good reversibility and repeatability as well as a sensitive response to temperature, which could be applied to the design of photothermic and sensing devices.

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Whispering gallery mode laser based on cholesteric liquid crystal microdroplets as temperature sensor

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

Microfluidic Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Sensors for Biological Applications

Microfluidic Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Sensors for Biological Applications

Detection of heavy metal ions using whispering gallery mode lasing in functionalized liquid crystal microdroplets

Tunable WGM Laser Based on the Polymer Thermo-Optic Effect

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