White organic light-emitting diodes from three emitter layers

Highly EfficientWhite Organic Light Emitting Diodes with a <em>p</em>-Type Structure

“…各种单色发光器件技术日趋成熟 [4][5][6][7][8] [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . 目前应用最多的就是多层器件结构 [21][22] , 在这 样的器件结构中组成白光的各单色光分别来自于不 同的发光层, 其优点在于可以分别调节各发光层的 掺杂浓度、 厚度、以及各层之间的顺序来调整各单色…”

Star-Shaped Carbazole Derivatives for Bilayer White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Combining Emission from Both Excitons and Exciplexes

“…Recently, much attention has been paid to the development of white organic electroluminescent devices (WOLEDs) with the aim of their application in display technologies and lighting systems. − One approach to obtain white (broadband EL emission) is based on mixing of several colors, which result from exciton relaxation in different functional layers . Despite significant progress in the practical implementation of this type of devices, the characteristics and reliability of modern multilayer WOLEDs are considerably inferior with respect to those of single color OLEDs.…”

“…1−3 One approach to obtain white (broadband EL emission) is based on mixing of several colors, which result from exciton relaxation in different functional layers. 4 Despite significant progress in the practical implementation of this type of devices, the characteristics and reliability of modern multilayer WOLEDs are considerably inferior with respect to those of single color OLEDs. They require high applied driving voltage for obtaining high luminescence efficiency with good color rendering.…”

Self-trapping mechanism in green phosphorescent dye-doped polymer light-emitting diodes

“…A large number of researchers [1][2][3] have worked on the development of a white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) consisting of a blue-emitting conducting polymer as the host doped with green and red fluorescent dyes. When excited electrically, the charge carriers (electrons and holes) form excitons in the host, some of which are transferred to the guest materials producing emissions in green (G) and red (R) regions, while the rest of them decay radiatively in the host polymer, producing emission in the blue (B) region.…”